Potassium niobate
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Names | |
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IUPAC name
Potassium niobate
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Other names
niobate, niobium potassium oxide, potassium columbate
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Identifiers | |
12030-85-2 | |
Properties | |
KNbO3 | |
Molar mass | 180.003 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | White rhombohedral crystals |
Density | 4.640 g/cm3 |
Vapor pressure | {{{value}}} |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references | |
Potassium niobate (KNbO3) is a perovskite ferroelectric crystal. It has nonlinear optical coefficient properties, making it common in the manufacture of lasers.[1] Nanowires of potassium niobate have been used to produce tunable coherent light. The LD50 for potassium niobate is 3000 mg/kg (oral, rat).
Crystal Structure
On cooling from high temperature, KNbO3 undergoes a series of structural phase transitions. At 435 °C, the crystal symmetry changes from cubic centrosymmetric (Pm3 ̅m) to tetragonal non-centrosymmetric (P4mm). On further cooling, at 225 °C the crystal symmetry changes from tetragonal (P4mm) to orthorhombic (Amm2) and at −50 °C from orthorhombic (Amm2) to rhombohedral (R3m).
Use in research
Potassium niobate has been found useful in many different areas of materials science research,[2] including properties of lasers,[3] quantum teleportation,[4] and it has been used to study the optical properties of particulate composite materials.[5]
In addition to research in electronic memory storage,[2] potassium niobate is used in resonant doubling, a technique developed at the IBM Almaden Research Center.[3] This technique allows small infrared lasers to convert output into blue light, a critical technology for the production of blue lasers and technology dependent upon them.
References
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. – via JSTOR (subscription required)
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