Sino-Vietnamese reading

Sino-Vietnamese reading
Vietnamese name
Vietnamese	Phiên âm Hán-Việt
Hán-Nôm	繙音漢越

A Sino-Vietnamese reading, or Hán-Việt reading, is a Chinese word or character romanized into alphabetic Vietnamese. It is the usual way of presenting Chinese terms in Vietnamese, equivalent to pinyin for English. For example, the name of Chinese leader "Mao Zedong" is given in Vietnamese as "Mao Trạch Đông". The term "Hán" refers to Classical Chinese, which was used officially in Vietnam until 1918. Although these readings were developed for use with Hán, they are also used to romanize modern Chinese. Historically, any character could also be read as either Chinese, or as Vietnamese (chữ Nôm). However, modern Vietnamese is written in alphabetic script.

Chinese	Pinyin	Vietnamese	Explanation
毛澤東	Máo Zédōng	Mao Trạch Đông	former Chairman of the Communist Party of China
習近平	Xí Jìnpíng	Tập Cận Bình	current General Secretary of the Communist Party of China
李克強	Lǐ Kèqiáng	Lý Khắc Cường	current Premier of the People's Republic of China
中國	Zhōngguó	Trung Quốc	"China", lit. "central state(s)"
越南	Yuènán	Việt Nam	Vietnam. In ancient times, "Nam Việt" (South Viet).
一	yī	nhất	one
強	jiàng	cường	more
Sources:Vietnamese Nôm Preservation Foundation. The Han-Viet readings are from Hán Việt Từ Điển