Spirostreptida

Not to be confused with Spirobolida.

Spirostreptida
File:Orthoporus spp New Mexico.jpg
Orthoporus sp. (Spirostreptidae) from North America
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Diplopoda
Subclass:	Chilognatha
Infraclass:	Helminthomorpha
Superorder:	Juliformia
Order:	Spirostreptida Brandt, 1833
Families
10: see text.

Spirostreptida is an order of long, cylindrical millipedes. There are approximately 1000 described species, making Spirostrepida the second largest order of millipedes after Polydesmida.

Description

Spirostreptida are generally large, long and cylindrical, with 30 to 90 body rings. Eyes are present in most. This order contains the longest millipedes known: the giant African millipedes of the genus Archispirostreptus that may exceed 30 centimetres (12 in).

Distribution

Spirostrepitda contains mainly tropical species, and occurs in Africa, Southern Asia to Japan, Australia, and the Western Hemisphere from the United States to Argentina.

Classification

The order comprises two suborders, Cambalidea and Spirostreptidea, the latter further divided into two superfamilies.

File:Cambala minor.png

Cambala minor (Cambalidae), a cave-millipede from eastern North America

Suborder Cambalidea

Cambalidae

Cambalopsidae (includes the former Glyphiulidae and Pericambalidae)

Choctellidae

Iulomorphidae

Pseudonannolenidae

Suborder Spirostreptidea

Superfamily Odontopygoidea

Atopogestidae

Odontopygidae

Superfamily Spirostreptoidea

Adiaphorostreptidae

Harpagophoridae

Spirostreptidae

Select species

• Phyllogonostreptus nigrolabiatus- a large species from India
• Spinotarsus caboverdus- a species that has become an agricultural pest in Cape Verde

External links

• Media related to at Wikimedia Commons
• Data related to Spirostreptida at Wikispecies
• Spirostreptida at the Encyclopedia of Life