Stephen FitzGerald (diplomat)

Stephen FitzGerald AO
Born	Stephen Arthur FitzGerald 1938 (age 85–86) Hobart, Tasmania
Nationality	Australian
Alma mater	University of Tasmania Australian National University
Occupation	Public servant, diplomat
Known for	Ambassador to China, 1973–1976
Spouse(s)	Gay FitzGerald (nee Overton) (m. 1961)
Children	Ingrid and Justine

Stephen Arthur FitzGerald AO (born 1938) is a former Australian diplomat. He was Australian Ambassador to China between 1973 and 1976.

Life and career

Birth, education and early career

FitzGerald was born in Hobart, Tasmania in 1938. Between 1957 and 1960, FitzGerald attended the University of Tasmania. One of the courses FitzGerald took, Asian History run by New Zealander George Wilson, helped him to develop an interest in Asia.

FitzGerald joined the Australian Public Service in the Department of External Affairs in 1961. He learnt to speak Chinese at RAAF Point Cook. He arrived in Hong Kong in 1962 on official duties, which he described as the "centre of China-watching". He enjoyed his time there immensely, but did feel uncomfortable with the city being still being a British colony.

He resigned from the external affairs department in 1966 when he disagreed with the then government's support for the United States' military intervention during the Vietnam War and also the government's refusal to recognise the Communist government of China.

FitzGerald received his PhD from the Australian National University. During his studies, in 1968, he visited Quanzhou, Shanghai and several other cities on a student tour at the height of the Chinese Cultural Revolution—the streets were filled with posters, loud speakers and truck-loads of drummers broadcasting to pedestrians. His thesis discussed contemporary China’s relations with overseas Chinese.

In 1971, FitzGerald was appointed Fellow in Far Eastern Studies at the Australian National University.

China: FitzGerald becomes advisor then ambassador

In 1971, FitzGerald, as China adviser, was a key member of a political delegation to China led by then Labor opposition leader Gough Whitlam. The delegation was there to discuss diplomatic relations.

While Australian Ambassador to China between 1973 and 1976, FitzGerald and his staff were sending reports back to Australia forecasting the economic transformation of China, predicting that China would become the region's dominant power and transition into a period of 10%+ growth. His brief whilst ambassador was to create a relationship between Australia and China. His first official ambassadorial meeting was with then Chinese Foreign Minister Ji Pengfei in April 1973. In June 1976, Prime Minister Fraser visited China.

FitzGerald was appointed Australia's first (and only) Ambassador to North Korea in 1975. He presented his credentials to North Korea's vice president on 30 May 1975.

After his ambassadorial appointment

On returning to Australia in 1976, FitzGerald rejoined the Australian National University. In 1977 he embarked on a lecture tour, giving a series of talks on China throughout Australia.

In 1980, FitzGerald established a private consultancy for Australian business dealing with government in China. The consultancy continued until 2010.

In 1988, FitzGerald was the Chairman of the Committee to Advise on Australia’s Immigration Policies which submitted a report, known as the FitzGerald Report. The committee found that Australian immigration policy had become captive of migrant lobbies. That year he also championed Asian studies in the context of national education policy.

In 2015 FitzGerald released his book Comrade Ambassador: Whitlams' Beijing Envoy.

Awards

FitzGerald was made an Officer of the Order of Australia in January 1984 in recognition of his services to industrial relations.

References

Diplomatic posts
Vacant Proclamation of the People's Republic of China Title last held by Keith Officer	Australian Ambassador to China 1973–1976	Succeeded by Garry Woodard
New title Position established	Australian Ambassador to North Korea 1975–1976	Vacant Diplomatic relations ceased