Technology transfer in computer science
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
Technology transfer in computer science refers to the transfer of technology developed in computer science or applied computing research, from universities and governments to the private sector. These technologies may be abstract, such as algorithms and data structures, or concrete, such as open source software packages.
Examples
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This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.Notable examples of technology transfer in computer science include:
Year of transfer | Technology |
Field(s) |
Originally developed at | Transfer method(s) | Commercialised at | Patented | Used by |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
c. 1964 | BASIC | Programming languages | ![]() |
Freeware | Computer manufacturers and others | No | Numerous BASIC dialects |
1974 (Internet Protocol published)
1992 (interconnection) |
The Internet | Computer networking | ![]() |
RFC
1992 law permitting commercial interconnection |
Numerous companies | No | Millions of web sites and other internet properties |
1981 | KMS | Hypertext | ![]() |
Spin-out | Knowledge Systems | No | ? |
1984 | MATLAB | Programming languages | ![]() |
Incorporation and rewrite[1] | ![]() |
No (original)
Yes (from 2001)[2] |
Millions of users |
c. 1985 | HyperTIES | Hypertext | ![]() |
Licensing[3] | ![]() |
? | Union Carbide, Hewlett-Packard, others[4] |
1990 (initial software)
1994 (Netscape)[5] |
World Wide Web | Hypertext | ![]() |
Unfettered use (no patents)
Consortium (to create recommended standards) |
![]() |
No | Millions of web sites |
1991 | Gopher | Computer networking | ![]() |
RFC | Numerous companies | No | Numerous Gopher sites |
1998 | PageRank | Information retrieval | ![]() |
Spin-out | ![]() |
Yes | Google Search |
2004 (software)
2011 (incorporation) |
Scala | Programming languages | ![]() |
Open source | ![]() |
? | Play, Akka and others |
2013 | CRDTs | Distributed computing | ![]() |
? | ![]() |
No | Riak[6] |
References
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- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.