Treaty of Paris (8 October 1801)
France and Russia signed a treaty of peace in Paris on 8 October 1801.[1] The treaty formally ended Russo-French hostilities in the War of the Second Coalition.[2] Two days later, on 10 October, they signed a secret convention of alliance.[1] The signatories for both were Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord for France and Count Arkady Morkov for Russia.[3] Ratifications were exchanged on 11 October. The French law recognizing the treaty is dated 9 December 1801.[3]
The public peace treaty contained declarations of perpetual peace and friendship. The secret convention contained the real bases for Franco-Russian relations going forward. It contained an agreement to work together to a satisfactory arrangement in the Holy Roman Empire, which at the time was in the process of putting into effect the terms of the Treaty of Lunéville of 9 February 1801 through the a Reichsdeputation. France and Russia declared it their intent to find a "just equilibrium between the Houses of Austria and Brandenburg", that is, between the Habsburgs and the Hohenzollern.[2] Since the Tsar Alexander I was related to the rulers of Baden, Bavaria and Württemberg, First Consul Napoléon Bonaparte agreed to increase to their power to counterbalance the Habsburgs of Austria and Hohenzollern of Brandenburg–Prussia.[1]
The Russo-French peace was part of a flurry of diplomatic activity winding down the War of the Second Coalition. Shortly before the peace with Russia, France signed a preliminary agreement with the United Kingdom in London on 1 October. This ultimately resulted in the Peace of Amiens.[4] On 4 October, Morkov signed a peace treaty in Paris with Spain.[5] Between the two Franco-Russian agreements, France signed a preliminary peace with the Ottoman Empire in Paris on 9 October. This was finalized in the Treaty of Paris of June 1802.[6]
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Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Ramm 1967, p. 52.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Mikaberidze 2020, p. 158.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 de Clercq 1880a, p. 467.
- ↑ Kerautret 2002, p. 205.
- ↑ Morales Moya 2003, p. 334.
- ↑ Kerautret 2002, p. 219.
Bibliography
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- Peace treaties of the French Revolutionary Wars
- Peace treaties of Russia
- Peace treaties of France
- Treaties of the French First Republic
- 1801 treaties
- 1801 in the Russian Empire
- 1801 in France
- France–Russia relations
- Bilateral treaties of Russia
- Bilateral treaties of France
- War of the Second Coalition
- October 1801 events