Alberta Highway 16

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Alberta Highway 16 shield Alberta Yellowhead Highway shield

Highway 16
Yellowhead Highway
Trans-Canada Highway
<mapframe frameless="1" width="290" height="200" align="center">{{Wikipedia:Map data/Wikipedia KML/Alberta Highway 16}}</mapframe>
Highway 16 highlighted in red, former sections highlighted in brown
Route information
Length: 633.5 km[1] (393.6 mi)
Major junctions
West end: BC 16 at British Columbia border at Yellowhead Pass
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East end: Saskatchewan Highway 16.svg SK 16 at Saskatchewan border in Lloydminster
Location
Specialized
and rural
municipalities:		 Jasper, I.D. No. 12, Yellowhead, Parkland, Strathcona, I.D. No. 13, Lamont, Minburn, Vermilion River
Major cities: Spruce Grove, Edmonton, Sherwood Park, Lloydminster
Towns: Hinton, Edson, Vegreville, Vermilion
Villages: Wabamun, Innisfree, Mannville, Kitscoty
Highway system
Provincial highways in Alberta
← Hwy 15 Hwy 16A →

Alberta Provincial Highway No. 16, commonly referred to as Highway 16, is a major east–west highway in central Alberta, Canada, connecting Jasper to Lloydminster via Edmonton. It forms a portion of the Yellowhead Highway, a major interprovincial route of the Trans-Canada Highway system that stretches from Masset, British Columbia to Portage la Prairie, Manitoba, near Winnipeg. Highway 16 spans approximately 634 km (394 mi) from Alberta's border with British Columbia in the west to its border with Saskatchewan in the east.[2][3] As of 2010, all but less than 96 km (60 mi) of the route was divided, with a minimum of two lanes in each direction.[3] It is designated a core route in Canada's National Highway System.[4]

Route description

Jasper National Park

British Columbia Highway 16 becomes Alberta Highway 16 as it crosses the Continental Divide and Yellowhead Pass into Alberta, entering Jasper National Park. It travels in an easterly direction through the Municipality of Jasper until it reaches the intersection with Highway 93 (Icefields Parkway) and the west access to the Jasper townsite. East of Highway 93, the highway turns to the north, passes the east access to the Jasper townsite, and continues in a northeast direction along the Athabasca River through Improvement District No. 12. The segment of Highway 16 through Jasper National Park is maintained by the Government of Canada.[5]

Jasper National Park to Edmonton

Westbound Highway 16 in Hinton

Upon exiting Jasper National Park, Highway 16 travels through the rural municipalities of Yellowhead County and Parkland County and is maintained by Alberta Transportation until it reaches Edmonton. The highway is a two-lane, undivided highway for 19 km (12 mi) where it becomes a four-lane, divided highway.[1] The highway continues northeast through the Town of Hinton until it reaches the locality of Obed, where it continues east and crosses Obed Summit, the highest point on Yellowhead Highway.[6] The highway passes through the Town of Edson, where the highway splits into parallel one-streets, with eastbound traffic following 2 Avenue and westbound traffic following 4 Avenue.[1] It continues east where it passes by the Hamlets of Niton Junction, Wildwood, Evansburg and Entwistle; through the Hamlet of Gainford and north of Wabamun Lake where it passes by the Summer Village of Seba Beach, Hamlet of Fallis, Hamlet of Wabamun, and Hamlet of Kapasiwin before intersecting Highway 43. The highway intersects Highway 16A (Parkland Highway), which prior to 1997 was part of Highway 16,[7] and passes through the Town of Stony Plain, City of Spruce Grove, and serves as an alternate route into Edmonton. The present alignment bypasses Stony Plain and serves as the northern boundary of Spruce Grove. Highway 16 is part of the CANAMEX Corridor between Highway 43 and its western intersection with Anthony Henday Drive.

Edmonton

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Main article: Yellowhead Trail

Highway 16 passes through Edmonton as a major expressway called Yellowhead Trail, maintained by the City of Edmonton. Most sections of Yellowhead Trail are free-flowing, while a few intersections still exist from 149 Street to 66 Street. The city closed access to Yellowhead Trail from 89 Street in 2019, marking the first milestone of the Freeway Conversion Program.

Edmonton to Lloydminster

File:Exit 400C Alberta 16 Broadmoor Blvd 17 St NE.jpg
Exit 400C Highway 16 east Lloydminster, Broadmoor Blvd

Highway 16 exits Edmonton and enters Strathcona County just west of its eastern intersection with Anthony Henday Drive (Highway 216). The highway travels east and serves as the division between Edmonton and the Urban Service Area of Sherwood Park. The highway continues east past the Hamlet of Ardrossan, through Elk Island National Park, and past the Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Village. The highway then passes through the rural municipalities of Lamont County, County of Minburn, and the County of Vermilion River. The highway continues in a general southeast direction by Town of Mundare and the Town of Vegreville, where Highway 16A passes directly through the Vegreville. The highway continues by Hamlet of Lavoy, Hamlet of Ranfurly, Village of Innisfree, Hamlet of Minburn, Village of Mannville, Town of Vermilion, Village of Kitscoty, and Hamlet of Blackfoot. The highway is maintained by Alberta Transportation, with the exception of the segment through Elk Island National Park which is maintained by the Government of Canada.[5] Highway 16 passes through the City of Lloydminster along Ray Nelson Drive (44 Street) and is maintained by the City of Lloydminster.[1][8] The highway is an arterial street and crosses into Saskatchewan at its intersection with Highway 17 (50 Avenue) where it becomes Saskatchewan Highway 16.

History

File:Exit406ALloydminster16-ort SK21-21South.jpg
Alberta Highway 16 and Highway 21 interchange

The Yellowhead Highway is named after the Yellowhead Pass in the Rocky Mountains. During the early 1800s, Pierre Bostonais, an Iroquois-Métis trapper with streaks of blonde in his hair, worked for the Hudson's Bay Company. Because of his hair colour, French-speaking voyageurs referred to him as "Tête Jaune", literally "Yellow Head". By 1819, Bostonais acted as a guide for the company and had explored a route down the Fraser River to the present city of Prince George.[9] Nearly a century later, the Grand Trunk Pacific (GTP) and Canadian Northern Railway (CNoR) constructed lines that the Yellowhead Highway later paralleled.[10] The two lines between Evansburg, Alberta, and Red Pass Junction were combined into a joint route in 1917, with portions of both lines abandoned. The GTP and CNoR both became part of the new Canadian National Railway (CNR) by 1924.

Following World War I, as automobile use increased exponentially, CNR surveyor Fred Driscoll and Edmonton Automobile and Good Roads Association president formed a committee lobbying for the creation of the Yellowhead Highway. Driscoll believed the abandoned railway bed would be an ideal base for a road. The Edmonton Automobile Association offered a gold medal to the first person to travel from Edmonton to Victoria through the gap. Charles Neiymer and Frank Silverthorne left in 4×4 on June 17, 1922. The following week, George Gordon and J. Sims departed Edmonton in a Ford Model T, following the same route. On July 4, both pairs arrived in Victoria and were each awarded gold medals.[10]

However, it would take until World War II for any improvements to be made this overland route. The displacement of many Japanese-Canadians from the Pacific coast to internment camps in the interior led to some developments. 30 km (19 mi) of road was constructed along the railway bed, and an additional 40 km (25 mi) through steep terrain. By 1944, the Tote Road was opened through Jasper and into the Fraser Valley.[10]

In August 1948, a motorcade was organized as a demonstration of the need for the highway. The Trans-Canada Highway Act was enacted in 1949, providing a 90% subsidy to upgrade selected routes to modern standards. However, the Tote Highway was not included under this subsidy.[10] During the same time frame, the Trans Mountain Oil Pipe Line Company began looking at the Tote Road as a potential route for a pipeline between Edmonton and Vancouver. Construction began in 1952, and largely resulted in the destruction of the road along the pipeline's path.[10]

Gradually, work progressed to reconstruct the highway. Elsewhere, the main route of the Trans-Canada Highway was completed in 1957. The Yellowhead Highway became eligible for federal funding soon thereafter.[11] By 1969, the Tote Road was generally rebuilt and paved. On August 15, 1970, British Columbia Premier W. A. C. Bennett officially opened the Yellowhead Highway.[12]

Future

Alberta Transportation has conducted long-term studies to twin Highway 16 between Jasper National Park and Highway 40[13] and freeway upgrades both west and east of Edmonton.[14][15] Highway bypass alignments have also been planned for Hinton, Edson, and Lloydminster, all of which have been designated as Highway 16X.[2][15]

Edmonton has plans to convert Yellowhead Trail to a full freeway by adding interchanges at 127 Street and 121 Street and a partial interchange at 66 Street while a frontage road system will run from 156 Street to at least St. Albert Trail. An interchange at 149 Street was considered, however was scrapped in favor of the frontage road system for cost and land reasons. Edmonton is currently widening the freeway from 50 Street to city limits which are currently 2 lanes in each direction to 3 lanes in each direction, connecting them to the current 3-lane twin bridges over the North Saskatchewan Rivers - the Beverly Bridge and Clover Bar Bridge. Construction is currently underway and is expected to be completed by 2026.[16]

Major intersections

The following is a list of major intersections along Alberta Highway 16 from west to east, including exit numbers where applied.[2][3]

Rural/specialized municipality Location km[1] mi Exit Destinations Notes
Municipality of Jasper
(Jasper National Park)		 ​ 0.0 0.0 22px BC 16 west – Prince George, Kamloops Continental Divide; continuation into British Columbia
Yellowhead Pass – 1,131 m (3,711 ft)
3.7 2.3 West gate of Jasper National Park
Jasper 24.6 15.3 Hwy 93 south (Icefields Parkway) / Invalid type: road – Lake Louise, Banff Traffic signals
25.8 16.0 Hwy 93A south
28.8 17.9 Connaught Drive / Cottonwood Creek Road
​ 30.7 19.1 Maligne Lake Road – Jasper Park Lodge Traffic signals
I.D. No. 12
(Jasper National Park)		 ​ 46.6 29.0 Crosses Athabasca River
Pocahontas 69.4 43.1 Miette Hot Springs Road – Miette Hot Springs
​ 76.4 47.5 East gate of Jasper National Park
Yellowhead County ​ 95.7 59.5 West extent of divided highway
96.6 60.0 Hwy 40 north (Big Horn Highway) – Grande Cache, Grande Prairie West end of Hwy 40 concurrency
Hinton 98.5 61.2 Hwy 40 south (Big Horn Highway) – Cadomin East end of Hwy 40 concurrency
103.2 64.1 Switzer Drive – Hinton Valley District Traffic signals
​ 125.2 77.8 Obed Summit – 1,163.9 m (3,819 ft)
179.5 111.5 180 Hwy 47 south – Robb Eastbound grade separated; westbound at grade
Edson 186.4 115.8 West end of one-way pair
189.7 117.9 To Hwy 748 / Invalid type: road
191.2 118.8 East end of one-way pair
​ 196.5 122.1 Crosses McLeod River
221.7 137.8 Hwy 32 north – Peers, Whitecourt
Niton Junction 235.0 146.0 Range Road 130
Nojack 247.4 153.7 Hwy 751 north – MacKay
​ 258.0 160.3 Hwy 753 south – Cynthia, Lodgepole
Wildwood 270.7 168.2 Range Road 92A
272.3 169.2 Service Road Westbound exit
​ 276.9 172.1 Hwy 16A east – Evansburg, Entwistle
279.5 173.7 Hwy 22 north (Cowboy Trail) – Mayerthorpe West end of Hwy 22 concurrency
Evansburg 285.2 177.2 Invalid type: UAR north (Range Road 75)
↑ / ↓ 286.5 178.0 Crosses Pembina River
Parkland County Entwistle 287.5 178.6 289 Hwy 22 south (Cowboy Trail) – Drayton Valley
Hwy 16A west – Entwistle		 Interchange; east end of Hwy 22 concurrency
​ 296.0 183.9 Hwy 757 north – Magnolia, Sangudo
Gainford 301.1 187.1 Range Road 62
Seba Beach 304.4 189.1 306 Hwy 31 south to Hwy 759 – Seba Beach, Tomahawk Interchange
​ 310.8 193.1 Range Road 52 – Fallis
314.0 195.1 Hwy 765 north – Darwell
Wabamun 322.7 200.5 324 Range Road 40B Interchange
​ 325.7 202.4 327 Range Road 35 – Kapasiwin, Wabamun Lake Provincial Park Interchange; former Hwy 30
330.6 205.4 Range Road 32 – Duffield
Manly Corner 338.4 210.3 Hwy 770 south – Carvel, Warburg
338.8 210.5 340 Hwy 43 north – Whitecourt, Valleyview, Grande Prairie, Peace River Interchange; access to Alaska Highway and Mackenzie Highway; west end of CANAMEX Corridor
​ 343.0 213.1 344 Hwy 16A east (Parkland Highway) – Stony Plain, Spruce Grove, Edmonton City Centre Eastbound exit, westbound entrance
353.5 219.7 355 Hwy 779 – Stony Plain, Calahoo Interchange; Fifth Meridian, 114° Longitude
Spruce Grove 357.9 222.4 360 Jennifer Heil Way / Range Road 274 Interchange
359.4 223.3 Former Hwy 788 (Calahoo Road) Intersection closed
361.1 224.4 363 Century Road / Range Road 272 Interchange
​ 366.1 227.5 368 Hwy 44 north – Villeneuve, Westlock Interchange
Acheson 369.1 229.3 371 Hwy 60 south (Devonian Way) / Invalid type: road – Devon Interchange; truck bypass to Hwy 2 south
City of Edmonton 374.0 232.4 376 Winterburn Road (215 Street) Interchange
375.9 233.6 378 Anthony Henday Drive (Hwy 216) – Cold Lake, Fort McMurray, Calgary Interchange; Hwy 216 exit 25; east end of CANAMEX Corridor (follows Hwy 216 south)
377.4 234.5 379 184 Street – St. Albert Interchange
379.0 235.5 381 170 Street – St. Albert, West Edmonton Mall Interchange
380.8 236.6 383 156 Street – St. Albert Interchange
381.6 237.1 149 Street
383.0 238.0 381 St. Albert Trail (Hwy 2 north) – St. Albert, Athabasca Interchange
384.0 238.6 127 Street
384.4 238.9 124 Street
385.0 239.2 121 Street
386.4 240.1 107 Street Traffic signals; no westbound exit
387.3 240.7 389 97 Street (Hwy 28 north) – Cold Lake, Fort McMurray Interchange
388.9 241.7 391 82 Street – Northlands Interchange
390.0 242.3 392 Fort Road / Wayne Gretzky Drive – Northlands Interchange
390.7 242.8 66 Street
392.5 243.9 394 50 Street (Hwy 15 north) – Fort Saskatchewan, Fort McMurray Interchange
395.0 245.4 397 118 Avenue / Victoria Trail Interchange
395.8 245.9 Crosses North Saskatchewan River
Beverly Bridge (eastbound) and Clover Bar Bridge (westbound)
396.4 246.3 400 Hayter Road / 17 Street NW Interchange; signed as exit 400A
Strathcona County
Edmonton[lower-alpha 1]		 Sherwood Park 396.4–
399.4		 246.3–
248.2		 Anthony Henday Drive (Hwy 216) – Cold Lake, Fort McMurray, Calgary Interchange; Hwy 216 exit 54; eastbound signed as exit 400A; westbound signed as exit 400B (north) and 400C (south)
399.4 248.2 Broadmoor Boulevard / 17 Street NE Interchange; eastbound signed as exit 400B; westbound signed as exit 400C
401.0 249.2 403 Sherwood Drive / Range Road 232 Interchange
Strathcona County 402.6 250.2 405 Clover Bar Road / Range Road 231 Interchange
404.2 251.2 406 Hwy 21 – Camrose, Fort Saskatchewan Interchange; eastbound signed as exits 406A (south) and 406B (north)
Ardrossan 410.7 255.2 413 Hwy 824 south Interchange
​ 415.6 258.2 Hwy 830 – Josephburg
I.D. No. 13
(Elk Island National Park)		 ​ 423.7 263.3 West end of Elk Island National Park
431.1 267.9 Elk Island Parkway to Hwy 831 north – Lamont
433.6 269.4 East end of Elk Island National Park
Lamont County ​ 443.4 275.5 Hwy 834 – Chipman, Tofield
Mundare 464.5 288.6 Hwy 15 west – Chipman, Lamont, Fort Saskatchewan
Hwy 855 – Andrew, Holden, Ryley
County of Minburn No. 27 ​ 475.3 295.3 Hwy 631 east
Vegreville 479.2 297.8 481 Hwy 16A east (50 Avenue) – Vegreville Eastbound exit, westbound entrance
488.1 303.3 Hwy 857 – Bruce, Willingdon
490.0 304.5 492 Hwy 16A west (50 Avenue) – Vegreville Westbound exit, Eastbound entrance
Lavoy 500.6 311.1 Range Road 134
​ 506.2 314.5 Hwy 36 (Veterans Memorial Highway) – Viking, Two Hills Interchange proposed (no construction timeline)[17]
Ranfurly 515.2 320.1 Invalid type: UAR north (Range Road 122A)
​ 526.3 327.0 Hwy 870 – Innisfree, Morecambe, Kinsella
539.6 335.3 Invalid type: UAR north (Range Road 102) – Minburn
Mannville 553.1 343.7 Hwy 881 – Irma, Myrnam, St. Paul
County of Vermilion River Vermilion 574.4 356.9 577 Hwy 41 (Buffalo Trail) – Elk Point, Cold Lake, Wainwright Interchange
​ 595.0 369.7 Hwy 893 – Islay, Dewberry
Kitscoty 610.7 379.5 Hwy 897 – Marwayne, Paradise Valley
Blackfoot 623.8 387.6 Range Road 20
City of Lloydminster 631.6 392.5 62 Avenue Bypass route to Hwy 17
633.5 393.6 50 Avenue (Hwy 17) – Onion Lake, Macklin
18px Hwy 16 (TCH) east – The Battlefords, Saskatoon Continuation into Saskatchewan
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Highway 16 is within Strathcona County, Edmonton city limits are along the north right of way.

References

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  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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Yellowhead Highway
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