Zeytinburnu

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Zeytinburnu
district
Dikilitaş neighborhood of Zeytinburnu
Dikilitaş neighborhood of Zeytinburnu
Location of Zeytinburnu in Istanbul
Location of Zeytinburnu in Istanbul
Zeytinburnu is located in Turkey
Zeytinburnu
Zeytinburnu
Location of Zeytinburnu in Istanbul
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Country Turkey
City Istanbul
Government
 • Mayor Murat Aydın (AKP)
 • Governor Selim Cebiroğlu
Area[1]
 • District 12.08 km2 (4.66 sq mi)
Population (2012)[2]
 • District 292,407
 • District density 24,000/km2 (63,000/sq mi)
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
 • Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)
Area code(s) 0-212
Website www.zeytinburnu.bel.tr www.zeytinburnu.gov.tr

Zeytinburnu (literally, Olive Cape) is a working-class neighbourhood, municipality (belediye) and district on the European side of İstanbul, Turkey, on the shore of the Marmara Sea just outside the walls of the ancient city, beyond the fortress of Yedikule. The mayor is Murat Aydın (AKP).

History

In the map, "Seytin Burun" is a little cape which originates of Zeytinburnu and settlements in old Zeytinburnu;Balıklı and Yedi-Kuleh koi

Zeytinburnu was a fortress and settlement known as Kyklobion (Greek: Κυκλόβιον) or Strongylon (Στρογγυλόν) during the Byzantine period, its name referring to the circular shape of the fortress.[3]

The fortress was built in Late Antiquity as part of a series of strongholds that guarded the coastal road leading to Constantinople. It is first attested during the reign of Justinian I (527–565). Kyklobion was used as the landing-site of the Arab armies on both of their assaults on Constantinople, in 674 and in 717.[3] In the early 8th century, the iconodule Saint Hilarion was kept prisoner in the local monastery on the orders of Emperor Leo V the Armenian (r. 813–820).[3] The site is again, and for the last time in Byzantine times, mentioned in a property deed of 1388.[3]

After the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the name Kyklobion was transferred to the Yedikule Fortress by the local Greeks, and the original site was abandoned. Ruins of the original circular fortress survived until the 19th century, where the Austrian traveller Hammer-Purgstall saw them. Its name at the time was called in Greek Elaion Akra, "Cape of the Olive Trees"; the modern Turkish name has the same meaning.[3]

From the early 19th century onwards Zeytinburnu was an industrial village, centred on the leather industry of the area called Kazlıçeşme, which being on the coast with a good water supply was well suited to leather production. (the area was named for a fountain with a goose carved into the stonework, the fountain is still in existence, but the goose has disappeared). Up until the mid-20th century the residents were an urban mix of Greeks, Armenians, Bulgarians, Jews and Turks and still today the Yedikule Surp Pırgiç Armenian Hospital is active in Kazlıçeşme, and has a museum in the grounds.[4]

The character of Zeytinburnu changed when a large wave of immigrants from Anatolia came and settled there from 1950 on. Zeytinburnu is an important lesson for city planning in Turkey, because it was one of the first Gecekondu districts. In other words most of the buildings were built illegally, without infrastructure, and without any aesthetical concern. In the 1960s legislation was passed to prevent this type of building but by then this type of development had become unstoppable. At first these were little brick-built single storey cottages. From the 1970s onwards the little houses were replaced by multi-storey concrete apartment blocks built in rows with no space in between. In most cases the ground floor was used as a small textile workshop, and thus Zeytinburnu became a bustling industrial area with a large residential population living above the workshops. All this was still illegal and unplanned and still lacked the infrastructure and the aesthetics. After a heavy rain the streets would run with dirty water for days.

Historical places

[5]

  • Balıklı Holy Spring
  • Balıklı Church
  • Balıklı Greek Trust Hospital
  • Çırpıcı Meadows
  • Kirazlıçeşme Fatih Mosque
  • Hacı Mahmud Ağa Dervish Lodge
  • Kazlı Çeşme (Goose Fountain)
  • Merkez Efendi Dervish Lodge
  • Merz. K. Mustafa Paşa Masjid
  • Perişan Baba Dervish Lodge
  • Seyyid Nizam Dervish Lodge
  • Istanbul City Walls
  • Yedikule Surp Pırgiç Armenian Hospital
  • Takkeci İbrahim Ağa Mosque
  • Yenikapı Mevlevîhane
  • Zeytinburnu Military Hospital
  • Cemeteries in Zeytinburnu

Zeytinburnu today

Tram station (Zeytinburnu), note this is actually a light rail stock

The leather industry has largely moved out to Tuzla now but the rows of six-storey blocks of housing and textiles remains. Although some improvements have been made to the streets and drainage the area still has a reputation for being the home of tough men and uncontrollable youths who drive around in cars blasting out pop music at high-volume. Possibly this is exaggerated nowadays, and steps are being taken to smarten up the area. Most residents are working class, recent migrants from Anatolia, typically lacking in education. However, the younger generations are more educated thus changing the shape of Zeytinburnu.

To integrate the district with the rest of Istanbul, the municipality has improved the transportation by extending the modern tram line to Zeytinburnu, and the main tram station is now at the intersection of the metro line leading to Atatürk International Airport and Aksaray and fast tram lines leading to Istanbul's inter-city coach station and the old city in Eminönü. Moreover, Zeytinburnu has a station on the suburban railway line Sirkeci-Halkalı. Other important projects have improved the transportation, life quality and the economics of the district. Olivium Outlet Center was opened in 2000 [6] , a modern shopping mall with cinemas, but with many shops specializing in factory surpluses, this has brought new shopping opportunities for the people of Zeytinburnu and surrounding districts, it's very crowded at weekends.

There is an Alevi community served by the Erikli Baba Cemevi[7]

There are large minority groups of Kazakhs and Turkmens,[8] who generally work in the textile, clothing industry contributing to the Turkish economy.

Zeytinburnuspor

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Main article: Zeytinburnuspor
File:ZSK.JPG
Zeytinburnuspor facility; in the foreground a Corinthian column

In the early 1990s a top-flight football team, now languishing in the minor leagues. Arif Erdem and Emre Belözoğlu started their careers here. Matjaz Cvikl, Slovenian National Team player, who died just a few years after played there also.

Towns twinning

References

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  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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