Auguste Joseph Alphonse Gratry
| Joseph Gratry | |
|---|---|
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| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Auguste Joseph Alphonse Gratry |
| Born | 10 March 1805 Lille, France |
| Died | Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. Montreux, Switzerland |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| Occupation | Priest, moral theologian, and professor |
| Signature | Joseph Gratry's signature |
Auguste Joseph Alphonse Gratry (10 March 1805 – 6 February 1872) was a French Catholic priest, author and theologian.
Contents
Life
Gratry was born at Lille and educated at the École Polytechnique of Paris. After a period of mental struggle which he has described in Souvenirs de ma jeunesse, he was ordained priest in Strasbourg 1832. After a stay at Strasbourg as professor of the Petit Séminaire, he was appointed director of the Collège Stanislas in Paris in 1842 and, in 1847, chaplain of the École Normale Supérieure.[1] He was awarded the Order of the Legion of Honor in 1845.[citation needed]
In 1852 he and Abbé Pierre Pététot revived Bérulle's Congregation of the Oratory. Gratry was a brilliant academic, holding doctorates in both the humanities and theology. He envisioned communities which could be schools of theological exploration, working with the scientific focus of modern society.[2]
He became vicar-general for the bishop of Orleans in 1861, professor of moral theology at the Sorbonne in 1863, and, on the death of Barante, a member of the Académie française in 1867, where he occupied the seat formerly held by Voltaire.[1]
Together with Abbé Philippe Pététot, pastor of Saint Roch, and Hyacinthe de Valroger, Joseph Gratry reconstituted the French Oratory, a society of priests mainly dedicated to education. Gratry was one of the principal opponents of the definition of the dogma of papal infallibility, but in this matter he submitted to the declarations of the First Vatican Council.[1]
Death
Gratry developed throat cancer at the end of his life and went to Montreux, Switzerland, for treatment, where he died.[citation needed] He was buried in Montparnasse Cemetery in Paris by his sister.[citation needed]
Works
- Lettre à M. Vacherot (1851)
- De la Connaissance de Dieu (1853; "The Knowledge of God", a critique of Positivism)
- La Logique (1855)
- De la Connaissance de l’Âme (1858)
- Mois de Marie (1859)
- La Paix (1861)
- La Philosophie du Credo (1861)
- Les Sources, Conseils pour la Conduite de l'Ésprit (1861−1862)
- Commentaire sur l'Évangile de Saint Matthieu (1863)
- Crise de la Foi (1863)
- Les Sophistes et la Critique (1864; in controversy with Étienne Vacherot)
- Jésus-Christ: Réponse à M. Renan (1864; in controversy with Ernest Renan)
- Henri Perreyve (1866)
- Discours de Réception à L’Académie (1868)
- La Morale et la Loi de l'Histoire (1868; "Morality and the Law of History")
- Lettres sur la Religion (1869)
- Mgr. l'Évêque d'Orléans et Mgr. l'Archevêque de Malines (1869; containing a clear exposition of the historical arguments against the doctrine of papal infallibility)[1]
- Les Sources de la Régénération Sociale (1871)
- Souvenirs de Ma Jeunesse (1874; posthumous)
Translated into English
- The Month of Mary, Conceived without Sin (1861)
- Jesus Christ: A Reply to M. Renan (1868)
- Henri Perreyve (1872)
References
Sources
- Marias, Julian. La filosofia del Padre Gratry; 2nd ed. Buenos Aires: Editorial Sudamericana, 1948 (in Spanish)
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Further reading
- Autin, Albert (1912). Le Père Gratry: Essai de biographie psychologique. Paris: P.-J. Béduchaud.
- Chauvin, Amédée (1911) Le père Gratry, 1805-1872: l'homme et l'oeuvre d'apres des documents inedits. Paris: Bloud.
External links
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- El sentido de lo infinito en Gratry by Máximo Lameiro.
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- Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference
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- Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference
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- 1805 births
- 1872 deaths
- People from Lille
- University of Paris faculty
- French Roman Catholic priests
- 19th-century Roman Catholic priests
- French religious writers
- French Oratory
- 19th-century French Catholic theologians
- Liberal Catholicism
- Members of the Académie française
- Deaths from laryngeal cancer
- Deaths from cancer in Switzerland
- Burials at Montparnasse Cemetery
- French male non-fiction writers
- 19th-century French male writers
