American Committee for Cultural Freedom

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The American Committee for Cultural Freedom (ACCF) was the U.S. affiliate of the anti-Communist Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF).

Overview

The ACCF and CCF were organizations that, during the Cold War, sought to encourage intellectuals to be critical of the Soviet Union and Communism, and to combat, according to a writer for the New York Times, "the continuing strength of the Soviet myth among the Western cultural elite. Despite all that had happened - the Moscow show trials, the Nazi-Soviet pact, the assassination of Leon Trotsky, the Russian attack on Finland, the takeovers in Eastern Europe, the mounting evidence of the gulag - Joseph Stalin still retained the loyalty of many writers, artists and scientists who viewed the Soviet Union as a progressive alternative to the 'reactionary,' 'war-mongering' United States."[1] The CCF was in part funded by the CIA.

Members

The dominant figure in the organization was Sidney Hook. Its 600-strong membership encompassed leading figures on both the Right and the Left, some of whom included:

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  1. Roger Baldwin
  2. Daniel Bell
  3. James Burnham
  4. Alexander Calder
  5. John Chamberlain
  6. Whittaker Chambers
  7. Elliot Cohen
  8. Moshe Decter
  9. John Dewey
  10. John Dos Passos
  11. Max Eastman
  12. James T. Farrell
  13. John Kenneth Galbraith
  14. Henry Hazlitt
  15. Sidney Hook
  16. Karl Jaspers
  17. Elia Kazan
  18. Irving Kristol
  19. Melvin J. Lasky
  20. Sol Levitas
  21. Dwight Macdonald
  22. Reinhold Niebuhr
  23. Mary McCarthy
  24. J. Robert Oppenheimer
  25. William Phillips
  26. Merlyn Pitzele
  27. Jackson Pollock
  28. David Riesman
  29. Elmer Rice
  30. James Rorty
  31. Richard Rovere
  32. Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.
  33. George Schuyler
  34. Sol Stein
  35. Norman Thomas
  36. Diana Trilling
  37. James Wechsler

The committee's central or executive committee varied over time. James Burnham was a member until he left the group circa 1954.[2] Whittaker Chambers joined in late 1954 and was also a member of the executive committee.[3][4][5][6][7]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Cranky Integrity on the Left" in The New York Times (August 27, 1989)
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Sources

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