Linker of activated T cells

Linker for activation of T cells
Identifiers
Symbols	LAT ; LAT1; pp36
External IDs	OMIM: 602354 MGI: 1342293 HomoloGene: 7811 ChEMBL: 5779 GeneCards: LAT Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • SH3/SH2 adaptor activity • protein binding • protein kinase binding Cellular component • immunological synapse • plasma membrane • cell-cell junction • COP9 signalosome • integral component of membrane • mast cell granule • membrane raft Biological process • adaptive immune response • lymphocyte homeostasis • inflammatory response • immune response • integrin-mediated signaling pathway • Ras protein signal transduction • blood coagulation • positive regulation of signal transduction • gene expression • calcium-mediated signaling • platelet activation • intracellular signal transduction • Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway • T cell activation • mast cell degranulation • innate immune response • positive regulation of protein kinase activity • T cell receptor signaling pathway • regulation of T cell activation Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	27040	16797
Ensembl	ENSG00000213658	ENSMUSG00000030742
UniProt	O43561	O54957
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001014987	NM_010689
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001014987	NP_034819
Location (UCSC)	Chr 16: 28.98 – 28.99 Mb	Chr 7: 126.36 – 126.37 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

The Linker for Activation of T cells, also known as LAT, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the LAT gene. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is phosphorylated by ZAP70/Syk protein tyrosine kinases following activation of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) signal transduction pathway. This transmembrane protein localizes to lipid rafts (also known as glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains or GEMs) and acts as a docking site for SH2 domain-containing proteins. Upon phosphorylation, this protein recruits multiple adaptor proteins and downstream signaling molecules into multimolecular signaling complexes located near the site of TCR engagement.

Discovery

LAT was described in the early 1990s as a phosphoprotein of 36–38 kDa (pp. 36–38) rapidly phosphorylated on tyrosine residues following TCR ligation. Cloning of the gene revealed that the protein product is a type III (leaderless) transmembrane protein of 262 aminoacids (long form) or 233 aminoacids (short form) in humans, 242 aminoacids in mouse, and 241 aminoacids in rat.

Interactions

The Linker for Activation of T cells has been shown to interact with:

• GRAP2,
• GRAP,
• Grb2,
• ITK,
• MAP4K1
• PIK3R1,
• PLCG1,
• SHB,
• VAV1, and
• ZAP-70.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.