Pohnpeic languages
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| Pohnpeic | |
|---|---|
| Ponapeic | |
| Geographic distribution: |
Micronesia |
| Linguistic classification: | Austronesian
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| Glottolog: | pona1248[1] |
Pohnpeic, also rendered Ponapeic, is a subgroup of the Chuukic–Pohnpeic branch of Micronesian in the Austronesian language family.[2] The languages are primarily spoken in Pohnpei State of the Federated States of Micronesia.
Languages
Innovations
Pohnpeic languages are distinct from the closely related Chuukic languages as a result of uniquely developed innovations. One such innovation is nasal substitution, where the first element in a consonant geminate becomes a homorganic nasal consonant.[4] An example of this change is seen where Proto Chuukic-Pohnpeic */kkaŋ/ 'sharp' became Mokilese /iŋkɔŋ/, whereas in Chuukese it is /kken/.[5]
Phonology
| Proto Oceanic | *mp | *mp,ŋp | *p | *m | *m,ŋm | *k | *ŋk | *ŋ | *y | *w | *t | *s,nj | *ns,j | *j | *nt,nd | *d,R | *l | *n | *ɲ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proto Micronesian | *p | *pʷ | *f | *m | *mʷ | *k | *x | *ŋ | *y | *w | *t | *T | *s | *S | *Z | *c | *r | *l | *n | *ɲ |
| Proto Pohnpeic | *p | *pʷ | *p, ∅ | *m | *mʷ | *k | *r,∅ | *ŋ | *y | *w | *j,∅ | *j | *t | *t | ∅ | * ̻t | *r | *l | *n | *∅,n |
Reconstructed vocabulary
| Proto Pohnpeic | English Gloss | Modern Language Reflexes |
|---|---|---|
| *cana-k,cana-ko | be hung up, to hang up | PON tɛnɛ-k, MOK sɔnɔ |
| *palia | day after tomorrow | PON pali, MOK pali |
| *payipayi | sea urchin | PON pɛypɛy, MOK pɔypɔy |
| *wara | neck | PON wɛrɛ 'his/her neck', MOK wɔr |
References
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