European Squadron

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European Squadron
USS Franklin
USS Franklin - squadron flagship from 1867 to 1868
Active 1865 - 1905
Country  United States
Branch Seal of the United States Department of the Navy.svg United States Navy
Type Naval squadron

The European Squadron, also known as the European Station, was a part of the United States Navy in the late 19th century and the early 1900s. The squadron was originally named the Mediterranean Squadron and renamed following the American Civil War. In 1905, the squadron was absorbed into the North Atlantic Fleet.

Second Anglo-Egyptian War

File:US and Royal Marines 1882 Egypt.jpg
United States Marines and Royal Marines during the occupation of Alexandria in 1882.

The Egyptian Expedition in June and July 1882 was a response by the United States to the British and French attack on Alexandria during the Anglo-Egyptian War. To protect American citizens and their property within the city, ships of the European Squadron, under Rear Admiral James Nicholson, were sent to Egypt with orders to observe the conflict ashore and make a landing if necessary. British and French forces heavily damaged the city and started a large fire so a force of marines and sailors were landed and they assisted in fire fighting and guarding the American consulate from insurgents.[1]

Early 20th century

The European Squadron returned to U.S. waters at the start of the Spanish–American War in April 1898, and did not return to Europe until July 1901, when Admiral Bartlett J. Cromwell was placed in command with the cruiser USS Chicago as flagship. Other ships of the squadron from July 1901 included the cruiser USS Albany and the gunboat USS Nashville.[2]

Commanders

Name Picture Rank Assigned
(Orders)		 Assumed
(On Station)		 Relieved
(Orders)		 Relieved
(On Station)		 Flagship(s)
RADM Louis M. Goldsborough Louis-Malesherbes-Goldsborough.jpg US-O8 insignia.svg February 1865 18 July 1865[3] 1867 14 July 1867[3] Colorado[4]
ADM David G. Farragut Admiral Farragut2.jpg US-O10 insignia.svg ? 14 July 1867[3] ? 10 November 1868[3] Franklin[5]
CDRE Alexander M. Pennock US-O7 insignia.svg ? 10 November 1868[3] ? 28 February 1869[3] Ticonderoga[6]
RADM William Radford[7] 100px US-O8 insignia.svg ? 1869 [7] ? 1 March 1870 [7] Franklin[5]
RADM Oliver S. Glisson[6] 100px US-O8 insignia.svg ? August 1870[6] ? January 1871[6] Franklin[6]
RADM Charles S. Boggs[6] 100px US-O8 insignia.svg ? January 1871[6] ? 1 January 1872 Franklin
Plymouth
Brooklyn[6]
RADM James Alden, Jr. 100px US-O8 insignia.svg ? 1 January 1872[8] ? 2 June 1873[8] Wabash[9]
Brooklyn[6]
RADM Augustus Case US-O8 insignia.svg ? 1873[10] ? 1875[10] Franklin
Wabash[6]
RADM John L. Worden John Lorimer Worden - Mathew Brady - left photograph.jpg US-O8 insignia.svg ? 1875[11] ? 5 October 1877[6] Franklin
Marion
Trenton[6]
RADM William E. Le Roy[6] 100px US-O8 insignia.svg ? 5 October 1877[6] ? 23 January 1879 Trenton[6]
CAPT John Lee Davis
(pro tem)[6]		 US-O6 insignia.svg ? 23 January 1879[6] ? February 1879 Trenton[6]
RADM John C. Howell[12] John C. Howell.jpg US-O8 insignia.svg 1878 February 1879[6] ? 16 September 1881 Trenton
Quinnebaug
Wyoming[6]
RADM James W. Nicholson US-O8 insignia.svg ? 16 September 1881[13] February 1883[13] 10 March 1883 Lancaster[6]
RADM Charles H. Baldwin US-O8 insignia.svg ? 10 March 1883[14] ? September 1884 Lancaster[6]
RADM Earl English US-O8 insignia.svg ? September 1884[6] ? May/June 1885 Lancaster[6]
RADM Samuel Rhoads Franklin US-O8 insignia.svg ? May/June 1885[6] 20 July 1887[15] 24 August 1887[16] Pensacola[6]
RADM James A. Greer 100px US-O8 insignia.svg ? 1887[17] ? 1889[17] ?
Unknown? ? ? 1889 ? 1893 ?
RADM Henry Erben 100px US-O8 insignia.svg June 1893[18] ? August 1894[18] ? ?
RADM William A. Kirkland[19] US-O8 insignia.svg April 1894[18] November 1895[18] ?
RADM Thomas O. Selfridge, Jr.[20] 100px US-O8 insignia.svg November 1895[18] February 1898[18] Minneapolis[21]
RADM John Adams Howell US-O8 insignia.svg January 1898[18] April 1898[18] ?
The European Squadron returned to U.S. waters at the start of the Spanish–American War in April 1898, and did not return until July 1901.
RADM Bartlett J. Cromwell US-O8 insignia.svg ? July 1901 9 February 1902[22] ? ?
CAPT Joseph E. Craig
(Senior Officer Present)[23]		 US-O6 insignia.svg ? February 1902 ? April 1902 ?
RADM Arent S. Crowninshield US-O8 insignia.svg March 1902[22] 30 April 1902[24] ? 1903 ?
RADM Charles S. Cotton US-O8 insignia.svg ? 1903 ? 1905 Kearsarge
(June–July 1903)[25]
In 1905 the European Squadron was absorbed into the North Atlantic Fleet.

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ "Naval & Military intelligence" The Times (London). Monday, 8 July 1901. (36501), p. 6.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 6.19 6.20 6.21 6.22 6.23 6.24 6.25 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 18.7 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links


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