Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology

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Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology
File:Logo-rus-gray.svg
Formation 1891; 133 years ago (1891) (as N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology & Microbiology)
Founder Filipp Blymenthal[1]
Purpose Fund vaccine development
Headquarters 18 Gamaleya Street
Moscow, Russia 123098
Director General
 Alexander Gintsburg
Parent organization
 Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Staff
 379 (including 92 professors)[2][3]
Website gamaleya.org Script error: No such module "In lang".
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The Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology (Russian: Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени почётного академика Н. Ф. Гамалеи), previously known as the N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology & Microbiology (and also known as the Gamaleya Scientific Research Institute or Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology) is a Russian medical-research institute headquartered in Moscow. As of 2020 it operates under the purview of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The institute, founded in 1891 by Filipp Markovich Blyumental,[4] has commemorated in its name (since 1949) the prominent Ukrainian, Russian and Soviet scientist Nikolay Fyodorovich Gamaleya (1859-1949), famed as a pioneer in microbiology and in vaccine research. The institute has developed a vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 in collaboration with the 48th Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense and the Vector Institute of the Rospotrebnadzor in order to curb the COVID-19 pandemic.[5][6]

History

The institution was founded in 1891 as a private bacteriology- and chemical-microscopy-oriented laboratory, which later became the Blumenthal Institute for Bacteriology and Chemistry. It was nationalised in 1919.[citation needed]

Research

Ebola

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Main article: GamEvac-Combi

In May 2017, the Institute announced that it would deliver 1,000 doses of its vaccine candidate, GamEvac-Combi,[7] to Guinea for Ebola testing. According to a Xinhua report, it was considered to be an approved Ebola vaccine,[8] although GamEvac-Combi was licensed only in Russia, and did not have a multinational license approved by the World Health Organization, as of November 2019.[9]

COVID-19 vaccine

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Main articles: Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine and Sputnik Light

In May 2020, the centre announced that it had developed a COVID-19 vaccine candidate.[10] The project was funded by the Russian National Wealth Fund.[11] A Phase I trial was completed on 18 June 2020 and Phase II was reported as completed in July 2020.[12]

On 11 August 2020, the Russian President Vladimir Putin declared that the institute registered a COVID-19 vaccine called Gam-COVID-Vac.[13]

Protest developed in the international scientific community over the announcement of the vaccine registration in Russia, mainly because there has been no publication of results from clinical trials on Gam-COVID-Vac.[14][15] At the time of registration, there was no evidence for the safety, effective dose, biomarkers of an immune response, or efficacy against COVID-19 infection.[14] As of 8 August 2020, no reputable scientific report on the Gam-COVID-Vac candidate had been published.[14][16]

On 4 September 2020, data on 76 participants in the Phase I-II trial were published, indicating preliminary evidence of safety and an immune response.[17] Days later, however, the results were challenged by 27 international vaccine scientists as being incomplete, suspicious, and unreliable, when identical data were reported for many of the trial participants.[18]

On 2 February 2021, results of Phase III clinical trials involving 21 977 participants in Moscow were published in The Lancet, showing 91.6% efficacy of the vaccine,[19] and therefore responding, even if with considerable delays, to previous criticism. The study was subject to considerable criticism by researchers, citing restricted access to research data and inconsistencies in the published data.[20] The authors replied that access had been granted and that inconsistencies were due to typing errors.[21] As registration of the vaccine with Europe's medical regulater EMA dragged on, discussions about data gaps related to the vaccine continued through July 2021.[22]

References

  1. ↑ - "BLJUMENTAL', Filipp Markovič [...] 1891-1917 [:] Gründer und Direktor des privaten „Chemisch-Mikroskopischen und Bakteriologischen Kabinetts“ bzw. „Chemisch-Bakteriologischen Instituts von Dr. Philipp Blumenthal“ [...] in Moskau [...]." drw.saw-leipzig.de
  2. ↑ Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени почётного академика Н. Ф. Гамалеи, основанный в 1891 году, является ведущим в своей сфере исследовательским учреждением в мире. (tr. "The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya, founded in 1891, is a leading research institution in the world") gamaleya.org, accessed 23 June 2021
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ "1891 г.[:] Частный химико-микроскопический и бактериологический кабинет Ф.М. Блюменталя." (tr. "1891 [:] Private chemical-microscopic and bacteriological study of FM Blumenthal.") gamaleya.org
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  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

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