HMS Orwell (1901)

From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
Jump to: navigation, search

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Orwell.
History
United Kingdom
Name: HMS Orwell
Builder: Laird, Son & Co., Birkenhead
Laid down: 9 November 1897
Launched: 29 September 1898
Completed: January 1900
Fate: Scrapped, 1922
General characteristics
Displacement: 360 long tons (366 t)
Length: 216.25 ft (65.91 m)
Beam: 21.5 ft (6.6 m)
Draught: 9 ft 7 in (2.9 m)
Propulsion:
Speed: 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph)
Complement: 63
Armament:

HMS Orwell was a B-class torpedo boat destroyer of the British Royal Navy. She was built by Laird, Son & Company, and served from 1900 until 1920.

Construction and design

As part of the 1897–1898 construction programme for the Royal Navy, the British Admiralty placed an order with Laird, Son & Company of Birkenhead for a single "thirty-knotter" destroyer. Laird's design was based on the Earnest-class destroyer of six destroyers ordered under the 1895–1896 programme, which were in turn closely based on Laird's Quail-class destroyer ordered under the 1894–1895 programme.[1]

Orwell had an overall length of 216 feet 9 inches (66.07 m), with a beam of 21 feet 6 inches (6.55 m) and a draught of 9 feet 7 inches (2.92 m). The ship was powered by two triple expansion steam engines, fed by four Normand boilers, rated at 6,300 ihp (4,700 kW) and was fitted with four funnels, giving a speed of 30 knots.[2][3] Displacement was 360 long tons (366 t) light and 410 long tons (417 t) full load.[3]

Armament was as normal for the "thirty-knotters", with a QF 12 pounder 12 cwt (3 in (76 mm) calibre) gun on a platform on the ship's conning tower (in practice the platform was also used as the ship's bridge), with a secondary armament of five 6-pounder guns, and two 18-inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes.[4][5]

HMS Orwell was laid down on 9 November 1897 and launched on 29 September 1898.[6]

Service

Orwell completed in January 1900, joining the Mediterranean Squadron in April that year.[6][7] On 30 January 1903, Orwell collided with the cruiser HMS Pioneer during night exercises near Corfu. Orwell's bow was cut off in the collision with the loss of 15 of her crew.[8][9]

Orwell returned to the United Kingdom in 1906, remaining in home waters for the rest of her Royal Navy career.[6] In 1910, Orwell was part of the Fifth Destroyer Flotilla at Devonport, supported by the destroyer depot ship Leander, and was still a part of the same flotilla in 1912.[8] On 30 August 1912 the Admiralty directed all destroyers were to be grouped into classes designated by letters based on appearance.[10][11] As a four-funneled ship, Orwell was listed as a B-class destroyer on 1 October 1913.[12] By 1913, she was part as the Seventh Destroyer Flotilla,[8] still based at Devonport, one of four patrol flotillas equipped with older destroyers and torpedo boats.[13][14]

On the outbreak of the First World War, the Seventh Destroyer Flotilla was transferred to the East coast of the United Kingdom.[15] Late in 1914, Orwell was transferred to Scapa Flow, where she carried out local patrol and escort duties.[8][16][17] By March 1918, Orwell was one of only three destroyers assigned to local defence of Scapa,[18] but by June that year she had been transferred to the Irish Sea Flotilla.[19]

Orwell was sold for scrap to S Castle of Plymouth on 1 July 1920 and was broken up in October 1922.[20]

References

  1. ↑ Lyon 2001, pp. 61–63.
  2. ↑ Lyon 2001, pp. 61, 63.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Chesneau and Kolesnik 1979, p. 94.
  4. ↑ Lyon 2001, pp. 98–99.
  5. ↑ Friedman 2009, p. 40.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Lyon 2001, p. 63.
  7. ↑ "Naval & Military intelligence" The Times (London). Friday, 19 April 1901. (36433), p. 10.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Gardiner and Gray 1985, p. 18.
  11. ↑ Manning 1961, pp. 17–18.
  12. ↑ Gardiner and Gray 1985, p. 73.
  13. ↑ Manning 1961, p. 25.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Manning 1961, pp. 25–26.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Manning 1961, p. 27.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Dittmar and Colledge 1972, p. 57.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Retrieved from "https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=HMS_Orwell_(1901)&oldid=3789631"