Juraj Haulik

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His Eminence
Juraj Haulík Váralyai
Cardinal Archbishop of Zagreb
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Church Roman Catholic
Archdiocese Zagreb
Appointed 11 December 1852
In office 1852-1869
Predecessor Aleksandar Alagović
Successor Josip Mihalović
Other posts Cardinal-Priest of Santi Quirico e Giulitta
Orders
Ordination 18 April 1811
Consecration 10 December 1837
by Lodovico Altieri
Created Cardinal 16 June 1856
by Pius IX
Rank Cardinal-Priest
Personal details
Born (1788-04-20)April 20, 1788
Trnava, Kingdom of Hungary (Present day Slovakia)
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Zagreb, Croatia
Nationality Slovak
Coat of arms Juraj Haulík Váralyai's coat of arms

Juraj Haulik de Váralya (Slovak: Juraj Haulík Váralyai, Hungarian: Haulík Váralyai György) (Nagyszombat, Kingdom of Hungary, present-day Trnava, Slovakia, 20 April 1788 – Zagreb, 11 May 1869[1]) was a Croatian cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church of Slovak ethnicity and the first archbishop of Zagreb. He was also acting ban of Croatia for two separate terms.

He studied theology and philosophy in Trnava, Esztergom and Vienna. After the death of bishop Aleksandar Alagović in 1837, Haulik was proclaimed bishop. In 1840 he began his first term as acting ban of Croatia after the death of ban Franjo Vlašić. He is credited for introducing the Croatian language into schools and workplaces, as well as forming the Matica hrvatska in 1842. He helped the organization of Maksimir park in Zagreb.

He was succeeded as ban by the Hungarian Franz Haller. Haller was brought in to carry on Magyarization in Croatia, which included the banning of the then Croatian banner name: Illyrians. A protest by the Croatian People's Party in 1845 was put out violently by Haller, leaving thirteen protestors dead, and ending his time as ban. Haulik was again called upon to take up the post.

File:Juraj Haulik-Trnava.jpg
A tablet on the house where Haulik was born

During this term, the Croatian language was made official in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia in 1847. In 1848, in the midst of revolutions in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, military man Josip Jelačić was proclaimed ban to counter Hungarian aims of revoking Croatian autonomy.

Some further autonomy did materialize for Croatia in the following years, as Haulik was proclaimed the first archbishop and metropolitan of Zagreb in 1852.[1] With this, the Catholic Church in Croatia became independent from Hungary. In 1856 he was also named cardinal. He carried on in these posts until his death in 1869.

While he was an ethnic Slovak, he said of his background: I was born a Slovak, but I will die a Croat.[2] In 1999, Croatia and Slovakia put out a joint-issue stamp featuring Haulik.[3]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 http://www.hrt.hr/arhiv/ndd/04travanj/0420%20Haulik.html (Croatian)
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Preceded by Archbishop of Zagreb
1837–1869
Succeeded by
Josip Mihalović
Preceded by Ban of Croatia
1840–1842
Succeeded by
Ferenc Haller
Preceded by Ban of Croatia
1845–1848
Succeeded by
Josip Jelačić

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