Lethbridge (electoral district)
Alberta electoral district | |||
---|---|---|---|
File:Lethbridge 2013 Riding.png
Lethbridge in relation to other Alberta federal electoral districts as of the 2013 Representation Order.
|
|||
Federal electoral district | |||
Legislature | House of Commons | ||
MP |
Conservative |
||
District created | 1987 | ||
First contested | 1988 | ||
Last contested | 2015 | ||
District webpage | profile, map | ||
Demographics | |||
Population (2011)[1] | 105,999 | ||
Electors (2015) | 82,225 | ||
Area (km²)[2] | 3,028 | ||
Pop. density (per km²) | 35 | ||
Census divisions | Division No. 2, Division No. 3 | ||
Census subdivisions | Lethbridge, Lethbridge County, Coaldale |
- For other meanings of Lethbridge, see Lethbridge (disambiguation).
Lethbridge (formerly known as Lethbridge—Foothills) is a federal electoral district in Alberta, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1917. It represents Lethbridge County.
Contents
History
This riding was originally created in 1914 from parts of Macleod riding.
In 1977, it was renamed "Lethbridge—Foothills".
In 1987, Lethbridge—Foothills was abolished and replaced by a new "Lethbridge" riding. The new riding was created from most of Lethbridge—Foothills, along with parts of Macleod and Medicine Hat ridings.
It has been represented by centre-right MPs without interruption since 1930. As in most other federal Alberta ridings outside of Calgary and Edmonton, it usually supports the major right-wing party of the day by landslide margins. Since 1945, a non-conservative party has only won 30 percent of the vote three times. Lethbridge itself is somewhat friendlier to centre-left candidates, at least at the provincial level. The Alberta New Democratic Party (NDP) won both seats in the provincial legislature from the city in the 2015 provincial election, and the city has occasionally elected provincial Liberals in the past as well. At the federal level, however, they are no match for the heavy conservative bent of the more rural areas.
As such, Lethbridge is represented by a Conservative federally, while the two provincial ridings are represented by the provincial NDP.
This riding lost territory to Medicine Hat—Cardston—Warner and Foothills during the 2012 electoral redistribution.
Members of Parliament
Parliament | Years | Member | Party | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lethbridge Riding created from Macleod |
||||
13th | 1917–1921 | William Ashbury Buchanan | Government (Unionist) | |
14th | 1921–1925 | Lincoln Henry Jelliff | Progressive | |
15th | 1925–1926 | |||
16th | 1926–1930 | United Farmers | ||
17th | 1930–1935 | John Smith Stewart | Conservative | |
18th | 1935–1940 | John Horne Blackmore | Social Credit | |
19th | 1940–1945 | |||
20th | 1945–1949 | |||
21st | 1949–1953 | |||
22nd | 1953–1957 | |||
23rd | 1957–1958 | |||
24th | 1958–1962 | Deane Gundlock | Progressive Conservative | |
25th | 1962–1963 | |||
26th | 1963–1965 | |||
27th | 1965–1968 | |||
28th | 1968–1972 | |||
29th | 1972–1974 | Kenneth Earl Hurlburt | ||
30th | 1974–1979 | |||
Lethbridge—Foothills | ||||
31st | 1979–1980 | Blaine Thacker | Progressive Conservative | |
32nd | 1980–1984 | |||
33rd | 1984–1988 | |||
Lethbridge | ||||
34th | 1988–1993 | Blaine Thacker | Progressive Conservative | |
35th | 1993–1997 | Raymond Speaker | Reform | |
36th | 1997–2000 | Rick Casson | ||
2000–2000 | Alliance | |||
37th | 2000–2003 | |||
2003–2004 | Conservative | |||
38th | 2004–2006 | |||
39th | 2006–2008 | |||
40th | 2008–2011 | |||
41st | 2011–2015 | Jim Hillyer | ||
42nd | 2015–Present | Rachael Harder |
Current Member of Parliament
Its Member of Parliament is Rachael Harder. She was first elected in 2015. She is a member of the Conservative Party of Canada.
Election results
Lethbridge, 1988–present
Canadian federal election, 2015 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | Expenditures | |||
Conservative | Rachael Harder | 32,321 | 56.76 | +4.25 | – | |||
New Democratic | Cheryl Meheden | 11,674 | 20.50 | -9.45 | – | |||
Liberal | Mike Pyne | 10,532 | 18.50 | +9.36 | – | |||
Green | Kas MacMillan | 1,461 | 2.57 | -1.92 | – | |||
Christian Heritage | Geoffrey Capp | 746 | 1.31 | -2.61 | – | |||
Rhinoceros | Solly Krygier-Paine | 209 | 0.37 | – | – | |||
Total valid votes/Expense limit | 56,943 | 100.00 | $215,495.48 | |||||
Total rejected ballots | 158 | 0.28 | – | |||||
Turnout | 57,101 | 69.42 | – | |||||
Eligible voters | 82,225 | |||||||
Conservative hold | Swing | +6.85 | ||||||
Source: Elections Canada[3][4] |
2011 federal election redistributed results[5] | |||
---|---|---|---|
Party | Vote | % | |
Conservative | 21,617 | 52.51 | |
New Democratic | 12,329 | 29.95 | |
Liberal | 3,759 | 9.13 | |
Green | 1,845 | 4.48 | |
Christian Heritage | 1,614 | 3.92 |
Canadian federal election, 2011 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | Expenditures | |||
Conservative | Jim Hillyer | 27,173 | 56.51 | -10.45 | $72,625 | |||
New Democratic | Mark Sandilands | 13,097 | 27.24 | +13.02 | $36,703 | |||
Liberal | Michael Cormican | 4,030 | 8.38 | -0.92 | $23,067 | |||
Green | Cailin Bartlett | 2,095 | 4.36 | -2.86 | $0 | |||
Christian Heritage | Geoffrey Capp | 1,716 | 3.57 | +1.26 | $14,727 | |||
Total valid votes/Expense limit | 48,086 | 100.00 | ||||||
Total rejected ballots | 307 | 0.63 | +0.34 | |||||
Turnout | 48,393 | 54.20 | +1 | |||||
Eligible voters | 89,280 | – | – |
Canadian federal election, 2008 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | Expenditures | |||
Conservative | Rick Casson | 31,714 | 66.96 | -0.34 | $78,789 | |||
New Democratic | Mark Sandilands | 6,733 | 14.22 | +0.52 | $18,476 | |||
Liberal | Michael Cormican | 4,404 | 9.30 | -1.95 | $21,463 | |||
Green | Amanda Swagar | 3,420 | 7.22 | +3.68 | ||||
Christian Heritage | Geoffrey Capp | 1,094 | 2.31 | -0.49 | $13,529 | |||
Total valid votes/Expense limit | 47,365 | 100.00 | $94,223 | |||||
Total rejected ballots | 138 | 0.29 | +0.04 | |||||
Turnout | 47,503 | 53 | -9 |
Canadian federal election, 2006 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | Expenditures | |||
Conservative | Rick Casson | 35,061 | 67.30 | +4.68 | ||||
New Democratic | Melanee Thomas | 7,135 | 13.70 | +3.98 | ||||
Liberal | Michael Cormican | 5,859 | 11.25 | -10.31 | ||||
Green | Andrea Sheridan | 1,846 | 3.54 | +0.89 | ||||
Christian Heritage | Marc Slingerland | 1,458 | 2.80 | +0.53 | ||||
Independent | Howard Forsyth | 735 | 1.41 | N/A | ||||
Total valid votes | 52,094 | 100.00 | ||||||
Total rejected ballots | 132 | 0.25 | +0.03 | |||||
Turnout | 52,226 | 63.7 | +4.0 |
Canadian federal election, 2004 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | Expenditures | |||
Conservative | Rick Casson | 29,765 | 62.62 | -12.22 | $68,346 | |||
Liberal | Ken Nicol | 10,250 | 21.56 | +4.62 | $34,339 | |||
New Democratic | Melanee Thomas | 4,623 | 9.72 | +3.97 | $10,460 | |||
Green | Erin Marie Matthews | 1,262 | 2.65 | – | $32 | |||
Christian Heritage | Ken Vanden Broek | 1,079 | 2.27 | +0.78 | $16,322 | |||
Marijuana | Dustin Sobie | 553 | 1.16 | – | ||||
Total valid votes | 47,532 | 100.00 | ||||||
Total rejected ballots | 135 | 0.28 | -0.07 | |||||
Turnout | 47,667 | 61.74 | -0.19 |
Note: Conservative vote is compared to the total of Progressive Conservative and Canadian Alliance vote in 2000.
Canadian federal election, 2000 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | Expenditures | |||
Alliance | Rick Casson | 30,380 | 66.02 | +10.49 | $61,765 | |||
Liberal | Vaughan Hartigan | 7,797 | 16.94 | -2.24 | $10,339 | |||
Progressive Conservative | Kimberly Denise Budd | 4,062 | 8.82 | -9.26 | $3,506 | |||
New Democratic | Garth Hardy | 2,648 | 5.75 | +0.38 | $6,135 | |||
Green | Don C. Ferguson | 864 | 1.87 | – | $1,324 | |||
Canadian Action | Dan Lamden | 264 | 0.57 | -0.22 | $739 | |||
Total valid votes | 46,015 | 100.00 | ||||||
Total rejected ballots | 163 | 0.35 | +0.16 | |||||
Turnout | 46,178 | 61.93 | +2.26 |
Note: Canadian Alliance vote is compared to the Reform vote in 1997.
Canadian federal election, 1997 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | Expenditures | |||
Reform | Rick Casson | 22,828 | 55.53 | +2.97 | $63,487 | |||
Liberal | John McGee | 7,887 | 19.18 | -6.29 | $47,656 | |||
Progressive Conservative | Greg Weadick | 7,436 | 18.08 | +2.86 | $40,649 | |||
New Democratic | Victor Lough | 2,211 | 5.37 | +2.56 | $3,877 | |||
Christian Heritage | Nellie Slingerland | 418 | 1.01 | – | $1,944 | |||
Canadian Action | J-C Lessard | 326 | 0.79 | – | $9,690 | |||
Total valid votes | 41,106 | 100.00 | ||||||
Total rejected ballots | 79 | 0.19 | ||||||
Turnout | 41,185 | 59.67 |
Canadian federal election, 1993 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Reform | Ray Speaker | 24,565 | 52.56 | +45.76 | ||||
Liberal | John William McGee | 11,905 | 25.47 | +6.89 | ||||
Progressive Conservative | Dean Lien | 7,113 | 15.22 | -43.19 | ||||
National | Carson Tannant | 1,592 | 3.41 | |||||
New Democratic | Doug Petherbridge | 1,313 | 2.81 | -6.99 | ||||
Natural Law | Cliff Kinzel | 247 | 0.53 | |||||
Total valid votes | 46,735 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1988 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Progressive Conservative | Blaine Thacker | 26,750 | 58.41 | -8.97 | ||||
Liberal | Robert Grbavac | 8,513 | 18.59 | +7.15 | ||||
New Democratic | Don Ferguson | 4,489 | 9.80 | -4.88 | ||||
Reform | Phil Connolly | 3,116 | 6.80 | |||||
Christian Heritage | Charles Cavilla | 2,932 | 6.40 | |||||
Total valid votes | 45,800 | 100.00 |
Lethbridge—Foothills, 1979–1988
Canadian federal election, 1984 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Progressive Conservative | Blaine Thacker | 31,316 | 67.38 | -1.22 | ||||
New Democratic | Connie Credico | 6,822 | 14.68 | +4.69 | ||||
Liberal | Shaun Ward | 5,315 | 11.44 | -5.85 | ||||
Independent | Steven V. Pinchak | 2,145 | 4.61 | |||||
Social Credit | Rod W. Start | 456 | 0.98 | -1.61 | ||||
Confederation of Regions | Cyril Baranosky | 426 | 0.92 | |||||
Total valid votes | 46,480 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1980 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Progressive Conservative | Blaine Thacker | 27,307 | 68.60 | -1.30 | ||||
Liberal | Shaun G. Ward | 6,882 | 17.29 | -0.37 | ||||
New Democratic | Dave Porteous | 3,974 | 9.98 | +1.04 | ||||
Social Credit | D. Willard Paxman | 1,031 | 2.59 | -0.49 | ||||
Independent | Peter Jones | 482 | 1.21 | |||||
Communist | David Wallis | 132 | 0.33 | -0.09 | ||||
Total valid votes | 39,808 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1979 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Progressive Conservative | Blaine Thacker | 29,069 | 69.89 | +6.37 | ||||
Liberal | Jim Gladstone | 7,345 | 17.66 | -4.15 | ||||
New Democratic | Roger Rickwood | 3,720 | 8.94 | -1.32 | ||||
Social Credit | Wagner Saende | 1,282 | 3.08 | -1.32 | ||||
Communist | David Wallis | 174 | 0.42 | |||||
Total valid votes | 41,590 | 100.00 |
Lethbridge, 1917–1979
Canadian federal election, 1974 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Progressive Conservative | Kenneth Earl Hurlburt | 20,602 | 63.52 | +5.72 | ||||
Liberal | Sven Ericksen | 7,075 | 21.81 | -1.50 | ||||
New Democratic | Bessie Annand | 3,329 | 10.26 | -1.82 | ||||
Social Credit | Vern Young | 1,428 | 4.40 | -2.40 | ||||
Total valid votes | 32,434 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1972 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Progressive Conservative | Kenneth Earl Hurlburt | 18,845 | 57.80 | +12.85 | ||||
Liberal | Andy Russell | 7,601 | 23.31 | -7.63 | ||||
New Democratic | Hal Hoffman | 3,941 | 12.09 | +2.86 | ||||
Social Credit | Keith L. Hancock | 2,219 | 6.81 | -8.08 | ||||
Total valid votes | 32,606 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1968 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Progressive Conservative | Deane Gundlock | 11,901 | 44.95 | +3.92 | ||||
Liberal | John I. Boras | 8,193 | 30.94 | +11.21 | ||||
Social Credit | Ernest R. Patterson | 3,941 | 14.88 | -17.59 | ||||
New Democratic | George Edward Orchard | 2,442 | 9.22 | +2.46 | ||||
Total valid votes | 26,477 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1965 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Progressive Conservative | Deane Gundlock | 10,147 | 41.02 | -2.28 | ||||
Social Credit | Wallace C. Strom | 8,032 | 32.47 | -2.51 | ||||
Liberal | Frank Sherring | 4,882 | 19.74 | +3.57 | ||||
New Democratic | Frances Joyce Grantham | 1,673 | 6.76 | +1.95 | ||||
Total valid votes | 24,734 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1963 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Progressive Conservative | Deane Gundlock | 11,475 | 43.30 | -0.77 | ||||
Social Credit | Steve Kapcsos | 9,271 | 34.98 | +0.49 | ||||
Liberal | Martin Hoyt | 4,284 | 16.17 | +1.90 | ||||
New Democratic | Peter Uganecz | 1,277 | 4.82 | -2.35 | ||||
Independent | John Arthur Spencer | 193 | 0.73 | |||||
Total valid votes | 26,500 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1962 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Progressive Conservative | Deane Gundlock | 11,105 | 44.07 | -14.26 | ||||
Social Credit | Steve Kapcsos | 8,693 | 34.50 | 6.25 | ||||
Liberal | Mark Reed Stringam | 3,595 | 14.27 | +2.42 | ||||
New Democratic | Milo Douglas | 1,806 | 7.17 | |||||
Total valid votes | 25,199 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1958 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Progressive Conservative | Deane Gundlock | 13,364 | 58.33 | +43.55 | ||||
Social Credit | John Horne Blackmore | 6,471 | 28.25 | -24.77 | ||||
Liberal | Clarence G. Yanosik | 2,714 | 11.85 | -20.36 | ||||
Independent SC | Ervin D. Olsen | 361 | 1.58 | |||||
Total valid votes | 22,910 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1957 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Social Credit | John Horne Blackmore | 10,910 | 53.02 | -3.61 | ||||
Liberal | Asael E. Palmer | 6,627 | 32.20 | -0.80 | ||||
Progressive Conservative | John Arthur Spencer | 3,041 | 14.78 | +4.41 | ||||
Total valid votes | 20,578 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1953 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Social Credit | John Horne Blackmore | 9,737 | 56.62 | +9.64 | ||||
Liberal | Ernest Roderick McFarland | 5,676 | 33.01 | +2.53 | ||||
Progressive Conservative | James Erle Carr | 1,783 | 10.37 | -2.65 | ||||
Total valid votes | 17,196 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1949 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Social Credit | John Horne Blackmore | 8,880 | 46.98 | +3.46 | ||||
Liberal | Louis Sherman Turcotte | 5,760 | 30.47 | +7.54 | ||||
Progressive Conservative | John Arthur Jardine | 2,460 | 13.02 | -4.90 | ||||
Co-operative Commonwealth | William Wesley Scott | 1,801 | 9.53 | -3.47 | ||||
Total valid votes | 18,901 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1945 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Social Credit | John Horne Blackmore | 7,250 | 43.52 | +2.49 | ||||
Liberal | Louis Sherman Turcotte | 3,820 | 22.93 | -12.79 | ||||
Progressive Conservative | Philip Baker | 2,985 | 17.92 | -5.33 | ||||
Co-operative Commonwealth | William Wesley Scott | 2,165 | 13.00 | |||||
Labor–Progressive | William Henry Childress | 439 | 2.64 | |||||
Total valid votes | 16,659 | 100.00 |
Note: Progressive Conservative vote is compared to "National Government" vote in 1940 election. Social Credit vote is compared to New Democracy vote in 1940 election.
Canadian federal election, 1940 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
New Democracy | John Horne Blackmore | 6,362 | 41.03 | -9.97 | ||||
Liberal | Lynden Eldon Fairbairn | 5,538 | 35.72 | +19.21 | ||||
National Government | John Smith Stewart | 3,605 | 23.25 | -0.15 | ||||
Total valid votes | 15,505 | 100.00 |
Note: "National Government" vote is compared to Conservative vote in 1935 election. New Democracy vote is compared to Social Credit vote in 1935 election.
Canadian federal election, 1935 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Social Credit | John Horne Blackmore | 6,516 | 51.00 | |||||
Conservative | John Smith Stewart | 2,990 | 23.40 | -15.43 | ||||
Liberal | Lynden Eldon Fairbairn | 2,109 | 16.51 | -13.67 | ||||
Co-operative Commonwealth | John Albert Johansen | 737 | 5.77 | |||||
Reconstruction | A. Gladstone Virtue | 425 | 3.33 | |||||
Total valid votes | 12,777 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1930 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Conservative | John Smith Stewart | 4,863 | 38.84 | -1.23 | ||||
Progressive | Thomas Owen King | 3,880 | 30.99 | -28.95 | ||||
Liberal | Arthur George Baalim | 3,779 | 30.18 | |||||
Total valid votes | 12,522 | 100.00 |
Note: Progressive vote is compared to UFA vote in 1926 election.
Canadian federal election, 1926 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
United Farmers of Alberta | Lincoln Henry Jelliff | 5,138 | 59.93 | +6.24 | ||||
Conservative | Andrew Bryden Hogg | 3,435 | 40.07 | -6.24 | ||||
Total valid votes | 8,573 | 100.00 |
Note: UFA vote is compared to Progressive vote in 1925 election.
Canadian federal election, 1925 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Progressive | Lincoln Henry Jelliff | 5,399 | 53.69 | +4.45 | ||||
Conservative | John Smith Stewart | 4,656 | 46.31 | +33.12 | ||||
Total valid votes | 10,055 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1921 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% | ||||
Progressive | Lincoln Henry Jelliff | 4,961 | 49.25 | |||||
Labour | Martin Francis Finn | 3,170 | 31.47 | |||||
Conservative | William Sargent Ball | 1,328 | 13.18 | -55.05 | ||||
Liberal | James Edward Lovering | 615 | 6.10 | |||||
Total valid votes | 10,074 | 100.00 |
Canadian federal election, 1917 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |||||
Government (Unionist) | William Ashbury Buchanan | 5,302 | 68.24 | |||||
Opposition-Labour | Lambert "L" Pack | 2,468 | 31.76 | |||||
Total valid votes | 7,770 | 100.00 |
See also
- List of Canadian federal electoral districts
- Alberta federal electoral districts
- Past Canadian electoral districts
References
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Notes
- ↑ Stastistics Canada: 2012
- ↑ Stastistics Canada: 2012
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Elections Canada – Preliminary Election Expenses Limits for Candidates
- ↑ Pundits' Guide to Canadian Elections
External links
- Library of Parliament Riding Profile (1914-1977)
- Library of Parliament Riding Profile (1977-1987)
- Library of Parliament Riding Profile (1987-present)
- Expenditures - 2008
- Expenditures - 2004
- Expenditures - 2000
- Expenditures - 1997
- Elections Canada
- Website of the Parliament of Canada