Manganese(II) sulfate

Manganese(II) sulfate

200px Manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate
200px Manganese(II) sulfate tetrahydrate
Names
IUPAC name Manganese(II) sulfate
Identifiers
CAS Number	7785-87-7 Y 10034-96-5 (monohydrate) N 10101-68-5 (tetrahydrate) N
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200557 N
ChemSpider	22984 Y
EC Number	232-089-9
Jmol 3D model	Interactive image
PubChem	24580
RTECS number	OP1050000 (anhydrous) OP0893500 (tetrahydrate)
UNII	IGA15S9H40 Y
InChI InChI=1S/Mn.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 Y Key: SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Y InChI=1/Mn.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 Key: SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-NUQVWONBAV
SMILES [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula	MnSO4
Molar mass	151.001 g/mol (anhydrous) 169.02 g/mol (monohydrate) 223.07 g/mol (tetrahydrate) 277.11 g/mol (heptahydrate)
Appearance	white crystals (anhydrous) pale pink solid (hydrates)
Density	3.25 g/cm 3 (anhydrous) 2.95 g/cm3 (monohydrate) 2.107 g/cm3 (tetrahydrate)
Melting point	710 °C (1,310 °F; 983 K) (anhydrous) 27 °C (tetrahydrate)
Boiling point	850 °C (1,560 °F; 1,120 K) (anhydrous)
Solubility in water	52 g/100 mL (5 °C) 70 g/100 mL (7 °C)
Solubility	soluble in alcohol insoluble in ether
Structure
Crystal structure	orthogonal (anhydrous) monoclinic (monohydrate) monoclinic (tetrahydrate)
Vapor pressure	{{{value}}}
Related compounds
Other cations	Chromium(III) sulfate Iron(II) sulfate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Manganese(II) sulfate usually refers to the inorganic compound with the formula MnSO₄·H₂O. This pale pink deliquescent solid is a commercially significant manganese(II) salt. Approximately 260 thousand tonnes of manganese(II) sulfate were produced worldwide in 2005. It is the precursor to manganese metal and many other chemical compounds. Mn-deficient soil is remediated with this salt.

Structure

Like many metal sulfates, manganese sulfate forms a variety of hydrates: monohydrate, tetrahydrate, pentahydrate, and heptahydrate. The monohydrate is most common. All of these salts dissolve to give faintly pink solutions of the aquo complex [Mn(H₂O)₆]²⁺. The pale pink colour of Mn(II) salts is highly characteristic.

Applications and production

Typically, manganese ores are purified by their conversion to manganese(II) sulfate. Treatment of aqueous solutions of the sulfate with sodium carbonate leads to precipitation of manganese carbonate, which can be calcined to give the oxides MnO_x. In the laboratory, manganese sulfate can be made by treating manganese dioxide with sulfur dioxide:

MnO₂ + SO₂ → MnSO₄

It can also be made by mixing potassium permanganate with sodium hydrogen sulfate and hydrogen peroxide.

Manganese sulfate is a by-product of various industrially significant oxidations that use manganese dioxide, including the manufacture of hydroquinone and anisaldehyde.

Electrolysis of manganese sulfate yields manganese dioxide, which is called EMD for electrolytic manganese dioxide. Alternatively oxidation of manganese sulfate with potassium permanganate yields the so-called chemical manganese dioxide (CMD). These materials, especially EMD, are used in dry-cell batteries.

References

Salts and the ester of the sulfate ion
H2SO4																	He
Li2SO4	BeSO4											B	(RO)2SO3	(NH4)2SO4 N2H6SO4 (NH3OH)2SO4	O	F	Ne
Na2SO4 NaHSO4	MgSO4											Al2(SO4)3	Si	P	SO42−	Cl	Ar
K2SO4 KHSO4	CaSO4	Sc2(SO4)3	Ti(SO4)2 TiOSO4	V2(SO4)3 VOSO4	CrSO4 Cr2(SO4)3	MnSO4	FeSO4 Fe2(SO4)3	CoSO4, Co2(SO4)3	NiSO4	CuSO4	ZnSO4	Ga2(SO4)3	Ge	As	Se	Br	Kr
Rb2SO4	SrSO4	Y2(SO4)3	Zr(SO4)2	Nb	Mo	Tc	Ru	Rh	PdSO4	Ag2SO4	CdSO4	In2(SO4)3	SnSO4	Sb2(SO4)3	Te	I	Xe
Cs2SO4	BaSO4		Hf	Ta	W	Re	Os	Ir	Pt	Au	Hg2SO4, HgSO4	Tl2SO4	PbSO4	Bi2(SO4)3	Po	At	Rn
Fr	Ra		Rf	Db	Sg	Bh	Hs	Mt	Ds	Rg	Cn	Uut	Fl	Uup	Lv	Uus	Uuo
		↓
		La	Ce2(SO4)3 Ce(SO4)2	Pr2(SO4)3	Nd	Pm	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb2(SO4)3	Lu
		Ac	Th	Pa	U(SO4)2 UO2SO4	Np	Pu	Am	Cm	Bk	Cf	Es	Fm	Md	No	Lr