Portal:China
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Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Box-header/colours' not found.  The Jin campaigns against the Song Dynasty were a series of wars that took place in the 12th and 13th centuries between the Jurchen Jin Dynasty and the Chinese Song Dynasty. The Jin invaded the Song in 1125 and captured the Song capital of Kaifeng in 1127, imprisoning Emperor Qinzong and Huizong (pictured). The Jin conquered northern China and remnants of the Song retreated to southern China, relocating the capital to Hangzhou. A treaty ended the war in 1142 and settled the boundary along the Huai River. Prince Hailing invaded the Song in 1161, but lost at Caishi and was assassinated shortly after. A Song invasion of the Jin motivated by revanchism in 1206–08 and a Jin invasion of the Song in 1217–24 were both unsuccessful. The Song allied with the Mongols in 1233, and jointly captured the last refuge of the Jin emperor in 1234, the year the Jin collapsed. The wars between the Song and Jin gave rise to an era of technological, cultural, and demographic changes in China. The Jin adopted the political and cultural institutions of past Chinese dynasties, gunpowder weapons like the fire lance were introduced, and the Song resettled and rebuilt their government in southern China. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Box-header/colours' not found.  Engravings on a cliff-side mark one widely-accepted site of the Battle of Red Cliffs, near modern Chibi City in Hubei Province. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Box-header/colours' not found.
Template:/box-header Template:/WikiProjects Template:/box-footer Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Box-header/colours' not found.  Shi Jianqiao (born 1905 or 1906 – August 27, 1979) was the daughter of the Chinese military officer Shi Congbin, whose killing she avenged by assassinating the former warlord Sun Chuanfang. The revenge killing and the legal proceedings that followed were highly publicized at the time and incited public debates over the concepts of filial piety and the rule of law. Shi Jianqiao's given name was Shi Gulan, (simplified Chinese: 施谷兰; traditional Chinese: 施谷蘭; pinyin: Shī Gǔlán; Wade–Giles: Shih Ku-lan; literally: "Valley Orchid"). She adopted the name Shi Jianqiao around the time she was planning to assassinate Sun Chuanfang to avenge her father's killing. The characters of her adopted name mean "sword" and "to raise" alluding to her planned role as an avenging assassin. Template:/box-header Template:/Anniversaries/July/July 27 Template:/box-footer Template:/box-header Template:/Politics Template:/box-footer Template:/box-header Template:/Categories Template:/box-footer Template:/box-header Template:/Topics Template:/box-footer Template:/box-header Template:/Things you can do Template:/box-footer Template:/box-header Template:/Related portals Template:/box-footer Template:/box-header Template:/Languages Template:/box-footer Template:/box-header Template:/Wikimedia Template:/box-footer
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