Shasta language
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The Shasta language is an extinct Shastan language formerly spoken from northern California into southwestern Oregon. It was spoken in a number of dialects, possibly including Okwanuchu. By 1980, only two fluent speakers, both elderly, were alive. Today, all surviving Shasta people speak English.
Sounds
Consonants
| Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | ejective | pʼ | tʼ | tsʼ | tʃʼ | kʼ | |
| tenuis | p | t | ts | tʃ | k | ʔ | |
| Fricative | s | x | h | ||||
| Sonorant | m | n | r | j | w | ||
Length is distinctive for consonants in Shasta. The affricates are generally written ⟨c⟩ and ⟨č⟩, and the ejectives indicated by an apostrophe written over the character. The phoneme /j/ is represented by ⟨y⟩.
Vowels
Shasta has four vowels, /i e a u/, with contrastive length, and two tones: high tone, marked with an acute accent, and low tone, which is unmarked.
References
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Bibliography
- Silver, Shirley (1966) The Shasta Language. University of California, Berkeley.
External links
- Shasta language overview at the Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
- Shasta basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database
- OLAC resources in and about the Shasta language
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Italics indicate extinct languages
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