T40 Whizbang
| Sherman Whizbang | |
|---|---|
| 300px
T40/M17 mounted on M4 Sherman
|
|
| Type | Tank-mounted rocket launcher (Rocket-Artillery Tank) |
| Place of origin | United States |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1944–1945 |
| Used by | United States |
| Wars | World War II |
| Specifications ([2]) | |
| Weight | 2.307 short tons (2.093 t) |
| Length | 105 in (270 cm) |
| Width | 105 in (270 cm) |
|
|
|
| Shell | T37 HE Demolition Rocket T21 Chemical Warfare Rocket |
| Shell weight | T37: 61 lb (28 kg) T21: 51.8 lb (23.5 kg) |
| Calibre | 7.2 in (180 mm) |
| Barrels | 20 |
| Elevation | -5° to 25° |
| Traverse | 360° |
| Muzzle velocity | T37: 160 feet per second (49 m/s) T21: 680 feet per second (210 m/s) |
| Maximum firing range | T37: 230 yards (210 m) T21: 3,430 yards (3,140 m) |
|
|
|
| Armour | 25–74 mm |
|
Main
armament |
one T40/M17 rocket launcher, firing 7.2-Inch Demolition Rockets |
|
Secondary
armament |
75 mm M3 L/40 gun (90 rounds) |
| Engine | Continental R975, radial, C1 9-cylinder 400 hp (300 kW) |
| Transmission | Spicer manual, synchromesh, 4 forward (plus 1 overdrive) and 1 reverse gear[1] |
| Suspension | Vertical Volute Spring Suspension (VVSS) |
| Fuel capacity | 75 US gal (280 L) |
|
Operational
range |
120 mi (190 km) |
| Speed | 25 to 30 mph (40 to 48 km/h) |
The Rocket Launcher T40/M17 (Whizbang) (sometimes spelled WhizBang) was a tank-mounted multiple rocket launcher used by the United States Army during World War II. The launcher was placed atop the Medium Tank M4, and fired a barrage of 7.2 in (180 mm) T37 HE or T21 Chemical rockets from 20 launch tubes. It was developed and used in the late stages of World War II; it saw limited combat in 1944–45. An experimental short variant of the T40 was also developed.
Design
The rocket launcher on the T40/M17 WhizBang could hold twenty 7.2 inch rockets in a box-like frame, which could be elevated hydraulically with the controls for the 75 mm gun. The whole mount could be jettisoned off if needed. If jettisoned, the 75 mm gun could be used as normal. The rockets in the mount could be fired one-at-a-time or in multiple salvoes. The T40 was a "limited procurement" weapon that was later classified as "limited standard".[3]
Service history
This vehicle saw barely any use in 1944–1945.[3] They were originally planned to be used for D-day, but testing was delayed, so the final model came too late to be integrated into the plan for D-day.[4] Testing had also shown that the rockets were potentially dangerous to the crew, but to people in the immediate vicinity as well.[5] The Marine Corps examined the T40 for possible use in the Marianas Campaign in 1944, but it was not put into service in the campaign.[6]
They put thirty T40s in service in December 1944 on the Ardennes Front. The German attack caused the T40s to be moved to a safe place, and be used for the rest of the war in northern Italy.[5] The Army then authorized 1,000 conversion kits to try to make use of the surplus, but only two were converted. Further delays caused the project to be cancelled.[4]
T40 (short version)
The T40 (short version) was an experimental version of the T40, with shorter rocket tubes and with the main gun removed, which was replaced with an elevation mechanism for the rocket launchers. The side access door for the crew was added to the vehicle, which was a M4A2 Sherman.[3]
See also
- T34 Calliope – Similar M4 Sherman-mounted rocket launcher firing 4.5 in M8 rockets.
References
- Citations
- Bibliography
- Anderson, Richard C. (2010) Cracking Hitler's Atlantic Wall: The 1st Assault Brigade Royal Engineers on D-Day. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books. ISBN 0-81170-589-7
- Berndt, Thomas. (1993). Standard Catalog of U.S. Military Vehicles. Iola, WI: Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-223-0.
- Chamberlain, Peter; Ellis, Chris (1969) British and American Tanks of World War II New York, NY: Arco Publishing Company. ISBN 0-668-01867-4
- Green, Michael (2014) American Tanks & AFVs of World War II. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-78200-931-0
- United States War Department (1945) 7.2-inch Multiple Rocket Launcher M17 Technical Manual. Washington, D.C.: War Department.
- Zaloga, Steven (2012) U.S. Marine Corps Tanks of World War II. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-78096-032-8
