Forrest Sherman

Forrest P. Sherman
Birth name	Forrest Percival Sherman
Born	(1896-10-30)October 30, 1896 Merrimack, New Hampshire, U.S.
Died	Naples, Italy
Buried	Arlington National Cemetery
Allegiance	United States of America
Service/branch	United States Navy
Years of service	1917–1951
Rank	Admiral
Commands held	USS Barry (DD-248) Scouting Squadron 2 Fighting Squadron 1 USS Wasp (CV-7) Sixth Fleet
Battles/wars	World War I World War II
Awards	Navy Cross Navy Distinguished Service Medal Legion of Merit Purple Heart

Forrest Percival Sherman (October 30, 1896 – July 22, 1951) was an admiral in the United States Navy and the youngest man to serve as Chief of Naval Operations until Admiral Elmo Zumwalt became Chief of Naval Operations in 1970. The Forrest Sherman class destroyer was named for him.

Early life and education

Born in Merrimack, New Hampshire, Sherman was a member of the Naval Academy class of 1918, graduating in June 1917 due to America's entry into World War I. During and shortly after World War I, he served in European waters as an officer of the gunboat Nashville (PG-7) and destroyer Murray (DD-97). In 1919–21, Sherman was assigned to the battleship Utah (BB-31) and destroyers Reid (DD-292) and Barry (DD-248), serving as Commanding Officer of the latter.

Career

Following duty as Flag Lieutenant to Commander Control Force, Atlantic Fleet, he received flight training at NAS Pensacola, Florida. Designated a Naval Aviator in December 1922, Lieutenant Sherman was assigned to Fighting Squadron 2 (VF 2) until 1924, when he returned to Pensacola as an instructor. Study at the Naval War College was followed in 1927 by service in the aircraft carriers Lexington (CV-2) and Saratoga (CV-3). While in the latter ship, he commanded Scouting Squadron 2 and was Flag Secretary to Commander Aircraft Squadrons, Battle Fleet.

Promoted to the ranks of Lieutenant Commander in 1930 and Commander in 1937, during that decade Sherman served at the Naval Academy, commanded Fighting Squadron 1, had charge of the Aviation Ordnance Section of the Bureau of Ordnance, was Navigator of the aircraft carrier Ranger (CV-4), and had duty on a number of flag staffs. In 1941–42, he served with the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations and was a member of the Permanent Joint Board on Defense, Canada-United States.

Captain Forrest Sherman worked closely with then US Army Major Albert C. Wedemeyer author of the "Victory Plan of 1941", "the blueprint...for the mobilization of the United States Army for World War 2". Wedemeyer, while working in the War Plans Department, was commissioned to write the "Victory Plan by General George C. Marshall.

"The Victory Plan predicted the future organization for an army that did not yet exist, outlined combat missions for a war not yet declared, and computed war production requirements for industries that were still committed to peacetime manufacture." Captain Forrest Sherman's personal relationship with Major Albert Wedemeyer "ensured a community of planning effort between the two services and pointed to a future in which the services would acknowledge that mobilization planning was a joint responsibility that one service alone could not conduct adequately." (From "Writing the Victory Plan of 1941" by Charles E. Kirkpatrick)

File:Forrest Sherman 1918.jpg

Midshipman Forrest Sherman

In May 1942, after reaching the rank of Captain, Sherman took command of the carrier Wasp (CV-7), taking her through the first month of the Solomon Islands campaign.

After Wasp was sunk by a Japanese submarine on September 15, 1942, he was awarded the Navy Cross for his extraordinary heroism in command of the carrier during the opening days of the South Pacific operations. Sherman then became Chief of Staff to Commander Air Force, Pacific Fleet. In November 1943 Rear Admiral Sherman was assigned as Deputy Chief of Staff to the Pacific Fleet commander, Admiral Chester W. Nimitz. He held that position for the remainder of World War II, playing a critical role in planning the offensives that brought victory in the Pacific, and was present when Japan surrendered on September 2, 1945. Following a short tour as a carrier division commander, in December 1945 Vice Admiral Sherman became Deputy Chief of Naval Operations.

Sherman's next assignment, beginning in January 1948, was to command the Navy's operating forces in the Mediterranean Sea. He was recalled to Washington, D.C., at the end of October 1949 to become Chief of Naval Operations, with the rank of Admiral. During the next sixteen months, he helped the Navy recover from a period of intense political controversy (as in the so-called "Revolt of the Admirals"), and oversaw its responses to the twin challenges of a hot war in Korea and an intensifying cold war elsewhere in the world.

On July 22, 1951, while on a military and diplomatic trip to Europe, Admiral Forrest Sherman died in Naples, Italy, following a sudden series of heart attacks. He is buried at Arlington National Cemetery.

Legacy

The Forrest Sherman class destroyer was named in his honor, as were two destroyers: USS Forrest Sherman, DD931 and USS Forrest Sherman DDG-98. Also named in his honor was Sherman Island, Antarctica, Forrest Sherman Field, NAS Pensacola, home of the Blue Angels, and Forrest Sherman Field, Hospital Point, US Naval Academy. The US Department of Defense school in Naples, Italy was formerly called Forrest Sherman High School.

Decorations and medals

• Navy Cross
• Distinguished Service Medal
• Legion of Merit
• Purple Heart (award for wounds received aboard the USS Wasp)
• Victory Medal with "Patrol" Clasp
• American Defense Service Medal with "Fleet" clasp
• American Campaign Medal
• Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with three battle stars
• World War II Victory Medal
• Navy Occupation Service Medal
• National Defense Service Medal (posthumously eligible)

Source:

References

• The quotes from the "Victory Plan of 1941" and Captain Forrest Sherman are from "Writing the Victory Plan of 1941" by Charles E. Kirkpatrick.
• This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships.
• Some material is from the official site of USS Forrest Sherman, produced by the Navy and therefore in the public domain.

External links

• Material on Forest Sherman at the US Navy Historical Center
• Adm Forrest Percival Sherman at Find a Grave

Military offices
Preceded by Louis E. Denfeld	United States Chief of Naval Operations 1949-1951	Succeeded by William M. Fechteler