Norwich, Vermont

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Norwich, Vermont
Town
Located in Windsor County, Vermont
Located in Windsor County, Vermont
Location of Vermont within the US
Location of Vermont within the US
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Country United States
State Vermont
County Windsor
Chartered 1761
Area
 • Total 44.7 sq mi (115.7 km2)
 • Land 44.4 sq mi (115.1 km2)
 • Water 0.2 sq mi (0.6 km2)
Elevation 531 ft (274 m)
Population (2010)
 • Total 3,414
 • Density 76/sq mi (30/km2)
Time zone EST (UTC−5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC−4)
ZIP code 05055
Area code(s) 802
FIPS code 50-52900[1]
GNIS feature ID 1462166[2]
Website www.norwich.vt.us

Norwich is a town in Windsor County, Vermont, United States, located along the Connecticut River opposite Hanover, New Hampshire. The population was 3,414 at the 2010 census.[3]

History

Alden Partridge, ca. 1817

The boundaries of Norwich were established on July 4, 1761, when Governor Benning Wentworth of New Hampshire defined the boundaries of townships in Vermont.[4] The first settlers reached the area in 1763 and began to clear the wilderness and erect the first hand-hewn log buildings, wintering over for the first time in 1765.[5] Early settlements occurred along the Ompompanoosuc River. Later, the current village site became settled. The first town meeting occurred in April 1768. The first Congregational church was founded in 1770 and a structure built in 1778. The population grew from 206 in 1771 to 1,158 in 1791 and 2,316 in 1830.[6]

The town was named after Norwich, Connecticut, the state from which the first settlers originated.[7] In the original charter, the name was spelled "Norwhich", but the additional 'h' was dropped shortly after the town was chartered.[8] Originally pronounced "Norritch" (similar to the English pronunciation of the city of Norwich, England), the town name has in more recent times become more commonly pronounced "Nor-wich".

Alden Partridge and the founding of Norwich University

In 1819 native son, Alden Partridge, a former Superintendent of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, founded the private "American Literary, Scientific and Military Academy" in Norwich.[9] He hoped to establish a new "American system" for training cadets that included both humanities and science topics in the curriculum, in addition to military science. In his six years of Norwich residency, Partridge achieved an academy population of nearly 500 "cadets". He moved that school back to Middletown, Connecticut, in 1825, but returned in 1835 with a charter from the U.S. Congress to found another military academy, which remained in Norwich until 1866, when it burned to the ground. The school then relocated to Northfield, Vermont, where it exists today as Norwich University. [6]

Geography

Norwich pastureland in late October

Norwich lies on the western bank of the Connecticut River, which forms Vermont's boundary with New Hampshire, opposite its companion town, Hanover, New Hampshire. The Ledyard Bridge connects the two towns. The Vermont towns bordering Norwich are Thetford to the north, Sharon to the west, and Hartford to the south.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 44.7 square miles (115.7 km2), of which 44.4 square miles (115.1 km2) is land and 0.23 square miles (0.6 km2), or 0.50%, is water. The Ompompanoosuc River flows into the Connecticut River in the northeastern part of the town.[10]

The landscape is hilly and wooded. The elevation of the town center is 531 feet (162 m). The hills in the town include the 1,700-foot (520 m) Griggs Mountain in the southwestern section and the 1,853-foot (565 m) Gile Mountain in the northwestern section.

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1790 1,158 —
1800 1,486 28.3%
1810 1,812 21.9%
1820 1,985 9.5%
1830 2,316 16.7%
1840 2,218 −4.2%
1850 1,978 −10.8%
1860 1,759 −11.1%
1870 1,639 −6.8%
1880 1,471 −10.3%
1890 1,304 −11.4%
1900 1,303 −0.1%
1910 1,252 −3.9%
1920 1,092 −12.8%
1930 1,371 25.5%
1940 1,418 3.4%
1950 1,532 8.0%
1960 1,790 16.8%
1970 1,966 9.8%
1980 2,398 22.0%
1990 3,093 29.0%
2000 3,544 14.6%
2010 3,414 −3.7%
Est. 2014 3,386 [11] −0.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[12]

As of the census[1] of 2000, there were 3,544 people, 1,367 households, and 944 families residing in the town. The population density was 79.3 people per square mile (30.6/km²). There were 1,505 housing units at an average density of 33.7 per square mile (13.0/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 95.97% White, 0.48% African American, 0.20% Native American, 1.61% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.62% from other races, and 1.10% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.79% of the population.

There were 1,367 households out of which 41.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.1% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.9% were non-families. 24.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 3.10.

In the town the population was spread out with 29.3% under the age of 18, 4.9% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 31.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $66,000, and the median income for a family was $78,178. Males had a median income of $49,350 versus $33,871 for females. The per capita income for the town was $35,285. About 1.5% of families and 3.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.1% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over.

Panoramic view of Norwich in winter. Left to right are: bandstand, Tracy Hall (town hall), Norwich Congregational Church, private residences, and the Marion Cross (elementary) School. In the foreground is a seasonal skating area.

Commerce and culture

Norwich's general store (left) and inn (right)

The town commercial center features a traditional, but actively used, general store.[13] Adjacent to the general store is a restored, historic inn with a restaurant and brew pub.[14] The Montshire Museum of Science[15] and King Arthur Flour are located in Norwich.[16]

Education

Norwich maintains one of the few interstate public school systems, the Dresden School District, commissioned by President John F. Kennedy, which is shared by the towns of Norwich and Hanover, New Hampshire.[17] Students attend Marion Cross School in Norwich for kindergarten through sixth grade, Richmond Middle School in Hanover for grades seventh and eight, and Hanover High School in Hanover for grades ninth through twelfth.[18][19]

Transportation

Major transportation routes, which run parallel through the Connecticut River valley, include Interstate 91, U.S. Route 5 and the former Boston and Maine Railroad right of way, now owned by the State of Vermont.[20] The Appalachian Trail passes south to east through the town from Hartford, Vermont to Hanover, New Hampshire.[21]

Notable people

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References

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  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Norwich, Virtual Vermont website, July 15, 2009
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ DeLorme (1996). Vermont Atlas & Gazetteer. Yarmouth, Maine: DeLorme. ISBN 0-89933-016-9
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Vermont Association of Independent Country Stores description of Dan and Whit's General Store
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Vermont Agency of Transportation, Operations Division, Rail Section Website
  21. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  29. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  32. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  34. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  35. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  36. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  38. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  39. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  40. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  41. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  42. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links


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