Stephen J. Solarz

Stephen J. Solarz
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 13th district
In office January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1993
Preceded by	Bertram L. Podell
Succeeded by	Nydia Velázquez
Personal details
Born	(1940-09-12)September 12, 1940 New York City
Died	Washington, D.C
Resting place	Congressional Cemetery
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	Nina Koldin

Stephen Joshua Solarz (/ˈsoʊlɑːrz/; September 12, 1940 – November 29, 2010) was a United States Congressional Representative from New York. Solarz was both an outspoken critic of President Ronald Reagan's deployment of Marines to Lebanon in 1982 and a cosponsor of the 1991 Gulf War Authorization Act during the Presidency of George H. W. Bush.

Early life and education

Born in Manhattan, New York City, Solarz attended public schools in New York City. He graduated from Midwood High School, in Brooklyn, NY., in 1958, and later received a B.A. from Brandeis University in 1962 and an M.A. in public law and government from Columbia University in 1967. Solarz taught political science at Brooklyn College from 1967–1968.

New York Assembly

In 1966, Solarz was the campaign manager for an anti-war campaign, for a U.S. House seat. He used that experience to make a successful run for the State Assembly two years later. He was a member of the New York State Assembly from 1969 to 1974, sitting in the 178th, 179th and 180th New York State Legislatures.

In the 1973 Democratic primary, Solarz ran against Sebastian Leone for Brooklyn borough president, and lost. That was not unexpected; Solarz had run mostly for improved name recognition and to make political and fund-raising contacts. In 1974, he was a delegate to the Democratic National Mid-term Convention.

Career in Congress

Election and re-elections

In September 1974, Solarz defeated incumbent Democrat Bertram L. Podell in the Democratic primary for the New York 13th District. At the time, Podel was under federal indictment; he was later convicted. In November 1974, Solarz was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, to the 94th Congress, beginning January 3, 1975. He was re-elected eight more times, serving until January 3, 1993.

Involvement in foreign policy

On July 18, 1980, Solarz became the first American public official to visit North Korea since the end of the Korean War, and the first to meet with Kim Il-sung. In the 1980s, he chaired the Asian and Pacific Affairs Subcommittee of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, an area of growing interest to the American people in that decade. He is remembered for his leadership on the Philippines. He left Manila just as Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. was coming home to challenge President Ferdinand E. Marcos. Following Aquino's assassination, Solarz returned to Manila for the funeral and proceeded to push the Reagan administration to distance itself from the Marcos government. Shortly after Marcos left for exile in Hawaii, Solarz was visiting at one of the opulent palaces and publicized Imelda's massive shoe collection. He worked closely with Aquino's widow, Corazon, who became president, and who dubbed him the "Lafayette of the Philippines."

Solarz had strong ties to India and was held in high esteem by Indian leaders across the political spectrum. His motivations were partly driven by the presence of prosperous Indian Americans in his district. He visited India dozens of times, during and after his term in Congress, and once received a standing ovation on the floor of the Indian Parliament, as has happened to only a few Westerners, among them Bill Clinton and John F. Kennedy. He received bipartisan credit for having helped set the stage for substantial improvements in U.S.-India relations since the 1990s.

In 1982 and 1986, Solarz met with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein. In 1998 he led a group of neoconservatives urging President Bill Clinton to overthrow him.

Loss in primary, 1992

The round of redistricting following the 1990 Census divided his district into six pieces, reflecting his cold relations with many state lawmakers in Albany. After conducting extensive polling, Solarz decided that rather than challenge Democratic incumbent Ted Weiss or Republican incumbent S. William Green, he would seek election to the open seat in the heavily Hispanic 12th Congressional District. Solarz entered the race damaged by the House banking scandal, having written 743 overdrafts. Solarz was defeated in the Democratic primary by Nydia Velazquez. Ironically, neither Weiss nor Green was re-elected, as Weiss died before the election and was replaced on the ballot by Jerrold Nadler, while Green was defeated by Democrat Carolyn Maloney.

Post-Congressional career

Solarz was appointed by President Bill Clinton as chairman of the U.S. government-funded Central Asian-American Enterprise Fund to bring private sector development to central Asia and served from 1993 to 1998.

In 1994, Solarz was a leading candidate to be nominated as the United States Ambassador to India, however Solarz was forced to withdraw from consideration after scrutiny of his efforts to obtain a visa for a Hong Kong businessman with a criminal record. Solarz's poor relations with members of the foreign service and the New York state political establishment were also identified as reasons for the failure of his nomination. The post instead went to Frank G. Wisner.

Since 1994, Solarz had remained active with the National Democratic Institute for International Affairs. He was also a member of the Intellibridge Expert Network and of the executive committee of the International Crisis Group. Solarz was also co-chairman of the American Committee for Peace in the Caucasus, along with Zbigniew Brzezinski.

Solarz served on the Board of Directors of the National Endowment for Democracy from 1992 to 2001, and was awarded its Democracy Service Medal on retirement. He was also a founding member of the Board of Directors of the Hollings Center for International Dialogue, helping to establish the organization's presence in Turkey, and served until his death in 2010.

Awards

• Democracy Service Medal (2001), National Endowment for Democracy

Death

Solarz died of esophageal cancer on November 29, 2010 in Washington, D.C. at the age of 70. He was buried at the Congressional Cemetery in Washington, D.C.

External links

• Stephen J. Solarz at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• NNDB Profile
• Immigration Votes: NumbersUSA
• For Solarz, a Career Ends in Grief and Relief
• “When To Go In”, magazine article by Solarz
• Biography From International Crisis Group
• “Arms for Morocco?”, magazine article by Solarz
• Appearances on C-SPAN

New York Assembly
Preceded by Max M. Turshen	New York State Assembly 45th District 1969–1974	Succeeded by Chuck Schumer
United States House of Representatives
Preceded by Bertram L. Podell	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 13th congressional district 1975–1993	Succeeded by Susan Molinari