Shinwari (Pashtun tribe)

The Shinwari (Pashto: شينواري‎) are an ethnic Pashtun tribe of Afghanistan and Pakistan. Among the greatest poets of the Pashto language in the 20th century was the late Ameer Hamza Shinwari, also known as "Hamza Baba". The Shinwari tribe is son of Kasi Pashtun tribe settled in the eastern valleys of Nangarhar province, in Dih Bala, Achin, Rodat, Bati Kot, Kot, Chaprahar, Shinwar, Dor Baba and Nazian districts. A major portion of the tribe is between Landi Kotal (Pakistan) and Jalalabad (Afghanistan), as well as in Parwan province of Afghanistan where they are concentrated in Shinwari, Ghorband, and Jabalussaraj districts. These Shinwaris are mostly traders and businessmen. There is also a significant minority of the tribe settled in Kohat (Jangal Khel), Pakistan, a settlement 60 km south of Peshawar. There are about 2000 to 3000 shinwaris settled in village Ali zai, 15 km away from kohat, Pakistan. These settled shinwaris belong to Fiqa Jaffaria in Islam. In Afghanistan, the Shinwari are also located in Kunar province. Reporting from 2010 states that there are around 400,000 Shinwari in Afghanistan.

Location

The Shinwari tribe is settled in the eastern valleys of Nangarhar province, in Dih Bala, Achin, Rodat, Bati Kot, Kot, Chaprahar, Shinwar, Dor Baba and Nazian districts. A major portion of this tribe is also settled between Landi Kotal (Pakistan) and Jalalabad (Afghanistan), as well as in Parwan province of Afghanistan where they are concentrated in Shinwari, Ghorband, and Jabalussaraj districts. These Shinwaris are mostly traders and businessmen. There is also a significant minority of the tribe settled in Kohat (Jangal Khel), Pakistan, a settlement 60 km south of Peshawar. In Afghanistan, the Shinwari are also located in Kunar province. Reporting from 2010 states that there are around 400,000 Shinwari in Afghanistan.

The elders of the Shinwari tribe in Nangarhar signed a pact, uniting against the Taliban. They promised that anyone supporting the Taliban, would be punished with fines and expulsion. This pact, which per The Times "appears to be the first" incident of an entire tribe declaring war against the Taliban, has invited comparison with the Sunni Awakening of 2006, which tipped the balance of power in Iraq against the Sunni insurgency. The pact also had economic implications that America offered over in development funding. Further, reports suggested the Shinwari were against Taliban interference with their traditional smuggling routes across the Pakistani border.

The Security situation in Haska Mena is going worst day by day due to increase number of Taliban insurgents Groups Operating in Naria Aubo Village, Papen Village, Dara Village, Aughuz Village and other remote village of the districts, In December 2014, Most of the Taliban Groups have changed from Taliban to ISIS (DAESH) carrying out insurgent activities under the direct order of Abdul Khaliq, Who is the head of Taliban in Haska Mena.Several peoples were killed and Injured during their insurgent activities in Haska Mena District, The Most commom are :

• http://edition.cnn.com/2015/04/06/asia/npw-isis-reach-in-afghanistan/index.html
• Killing of General Kafee in Haska Mena due to his work with Minsitry of Defence of Afghanistan in Jalalabad city.
• Killing of Masjid Mullah in Kutawal Village Haska Mena during Night time.
• Kidnapping of Deputy District Governor of Nanagerhar Province "Mr. Nazifullah" but later on released due to the intervention of District Elders.
• Kidnapping and Persecution of USAID Contract Driver " MR Baitullah" in Haska Mena District due to working with US Government agencies.he was beaten,Injured and wounded by Cutting his right hand three fingers so that he can be not able to drive any more for USAID Missions in Haska Mena.Later on he was also released on the intervention of the elder by the promise that he will not work anymore for any USAID or other government agencies. The district government was also unable to provide protection and help to this kind of peoples.

History

British assessment (1885)

In 1885, a British author described the Shinwari ("Shanwari" in his text):

The Shanwari inhabit a portion of the Khaibar mountains, some of the eastern valleys of the Safed Koh, and are also found on the borders of Bajawar. They have five sections - Abdul Rahim, Manduzai, Sangu, Sipai, and Ali Sher. They have been continuously predatory since the British approached their borders. They are the most industrious carriers between Peshawur and the other marts on the way to Kabul, using mules and camels for carriage. They are brave, hospitable, stalwart and hardworking. They are well-educated people

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Role in 1929 Afghan Civil War

Main article: Reforms of Amanullah Khan and civil war

The Shinwari tribe were the first to openly rebel against king Amanullah Khan's imposition of various new laws, including the requirement to wear European dress, the rule that required them to send a quota of their daughters to Kabul for education and the impositions of taxes (they had never previously paid tax). The Shinwaris attacked Jalalabad, cutting off its water supply and closing the Kabul - Peshawar road. Amanullah responded by using his fledgling Air Force, including Russian refugee pilots, to bomb the Shinwaris. The use of foreign "infidels" to subjugate Muslims roused other tribes to revolt and the country descended into what would become the 1929 Afghan Civil War.

Shinwari-tribe

The Shinwaris are derived from the Kasi tribe, and are further distributed into sub-tribes:

Tribe	Subtribes	Clans of Tribe	Subclans of Tribe	division of Tribe	Section of Subdivision	Minor Fractions	Other Fractions
Shinwari	Mandhizai/Manduzai	[Hamza khel] [Llias khel] [Hasan khel]	[Ahmad khel] [Maghdud khel] [Daulat khel] [kotwal] [kuki khel] [Musi khel] [Umar khel] [Da Oghaz khel]	[Haska mena (Deh bala)]
	Alisher khel	[Adal khel] [Ash khel]	[Khuga khel] [Mirdad khel] [Utar khel] ]Piro khel] [Piset khel] [Shekmal khel]
	Sangu khel	[Ghani khel]	[Haider khel] [kachkal khel] [Khani khel] [Karmu khel] [Mirjan khel] [Mai khel] [Soulor ptar] [Mullagoris
	Sephai	[Rahimdad khel] [Haider khel] [Suliman khel] [Babar khel] [Shabul khel]	[Aka nmasi] [Ata nmasi] [Mama khel] [Aka khel] [Fatima nmasi] [Nimidar khel] [Mamai khel] [Lala nmasi] [ya khel]	[Achin]
	Mullagori
	Soonkhel
	Bu Saeed
	Haji	[Shibli Khel] [Abdur Rahim Khel]
	KobiZai
	YahyaZai
	AliZai

Notable Shinwari

• Amir Hamza Shinwari, poet
• Rafiq Shinwari, singer
• Ghalib Hassan, leader in the anti-Taliban resistance under Abdul Haq., appointed District Commander of Shinwar, Afghanistan by Hamid Karzai., held in extrajudicial detention in the United States' Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba.
• Malalai Shinwari, member of the national legislature and advocate for the rights of women
• Faisal Ahmad Shinwari, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Afghanistan 2001-2006
• Samiullah Shinwari, Sportsman, member of the Afghanistan national cricket team.
• Usman Khan Shinwari, Pakistani cricketer

See also

• Shin of Hindukush
• Demographics of Pakistan

References

•  This article incorporates text from The cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia: commercial, industrial and scientific, products of the mineral, vegetable, and animal kingdoms, useful arts and manufactures, Volume 2, by Edward Balfour, a publication from 1885 now in the public domain in the United States.

7. http://www.rawa.org/temp/runews/rawanews.php?id=656 8. http://afghanistantimes.af/old/news_details.php?page=8&id=9738&&cid=3 9. http://www.pajhwok.com/en/search/site/%22haska%22 10. https://sites.google.com/site/wwwbomnaforg/all-news-updates/news-updates-december-2013/clasheskill4ineafghanistan 11. http://www.kuna.net.kw/ArticleDetails.aspx?id=2348647&Language=en

http://edition.cnn.com/2015/04/06/asia/npw-isis-reach-in-afghanistan/index.html