Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd
Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd | ||||||||||||
مملكة الحجاز ونجد Mamlakat al-Ḥijāz wa-Najd |
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Dual monarchy of the Hejaz and Nejd | ||||||||||||
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Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (ca 1932)
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Capital | Mecca (Hejaz) Riyadh (Nejd) |
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Languages | Arabic Ottoman Turkish |
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Religion | Sunni Islam | |||||||||||
Government | Absolute monarchy | |||||||||||
King | Abdul Aziz ibn Saud | |||||||||||
Viceroy | Faisal (Hejaz) | |||||||||||
Saud (Nejd) | ||||||||||||
Historical era | Interwar period | |||||||||||
• | Hejaz conquered by Nejd | 19 December 1925 | ||||||||||
• | Ibn Saud crowned King of Hejaz | 8 January 1926 | ||||||||||
• | Nejd decreed a kingdom | 29 January 1927 | ||||||||||
• | Saudi Arabia established | 23 September 1932 | ||||||||||
Area | ||||||||||||
• | 1932 | Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1851: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). | ||||||||||
Population | ||||||||||||
• | 1932 est. | 2,439,000 | ||||||||||
Density | Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1851: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). | |||||||||||
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Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (Arabic: مملكة الحجاز ونجد, Mamlakat al-Ḥijāz wa-Najd), initially the Kingdom of Hejaz and Sultanate of Nejd (مملكة الحجاز وسلطنة نجد, Mamlakat al-Ḥijāz wa-Salṭanat Najd), was a dual monarchy ruled by Ibn Saud following the victory of the Saudi Sultanate of Nejd over the Hashemite Kingdom of the Hejaz in 1925. In 1932 the two kingdoms were unified as Saudi Arabia.
History
On 8 January 1926, Ibn Saud, the Sultan of Nejd, was crowned King of the Hejaz in the Masjid al-Haram in Makkah, and he elevated Nejd to the status of a kingdom on 29 January 1927.[1] At the Treaty of Jeddah on 20 May 1927, Ibn Saud's realm was recognised by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and was addressed as the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd.
For the next five years, Ibn Saud administered the two parts of his dual kingdom as separate units. On 23 September 1932, the main Saudi dominions of Al-Hasa, Qatif, Nejd and the Hejaz were unified as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Foreign policy
The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd could pursue its expansionist policy by British arms supplies because of its close relations with the United Kingdom. Under Ibn Saud, the Hejaz withdrew from the League of Nations.
In 1926, the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd was recognised by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, followed by the United States of America in 1931. By 1932, the United Kingdom, the USSR, Turkey, the Imperial State of Iran and The Netherlands maintained legations in Jeddah; The French Third Republic, the Kingdom of Italy and the Kingdom of Egypt maintained unofficial consular representatives.
Flags of Nejd and Hejaz
Notes
- ↑ Joseph Kostiner, The Making of Saudi Arabia, 1916–1936: From Chieftaincy to Monarchical State (Oxford University Press US, 1993), ISBN 0-19-507440-8, p104
Sources
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- Articles containing Arabic-language text
- Former polities of the interwar period
- Pages with broken file links
- Former countries in Asia
- Former state unions
- States and territories established in 1926
- States and territories disestablished in 1932
- Pages using infobox former country with unknown parameters
- Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the flag caption or type parameters
- Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters
- Former countries in the Middle East
- History of Hejaz
- History of Nejd
- History of Saudi Arabia
- Former monarchies of Asia
- Najd
- 1920s in Saudi Arabia
- 1930s in Saudi Arabia
- 1926 establishments in Asia
- 1932 disestablishments in Asia