List of prehistoric lakes
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
This a partial list of prehistoric lakes. Although the form of the names below differ, the lists are alphabetized by the identifying name of the lake (e.g., Algonquin for Glacial Lake Algonquin).
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North America
- St. Lawrence River drainage, i.e., the Great Lakes
- Champlain Sea; 11,800 – 8,200 YBP on the lower St. Lawrence, from Ottawa River to the Gulf of St. Lawrence.[1][2]
- Lake Ontario basin: 8,400 YBP[1]
- Early Lake Ontario; 8,700 – 11,800 YBP[1]
- Lake Admiralty; 10,000 YBP [3]
- Lake Frontenac; 12,000 – 11, 000 YBP [4] covering the Ontario basin and to the northeast up the St. Lawrence Valley covering the low lands north to the Ottawa River and Montreal.[1]
- Glacial Lake Iroquois; 13,000 – 10,500 YBP [5] and covered all of the Ontario basin and southward across central New York, reaching to the Finger Lakes.[1]
- Finger Lakes of New York plus 12 minor lakes.[6]
- Dansville Lake in the Canaseraga valley.[6]
- Scottsburg Lake in the Conesus valley.[6]
- Naples Lake in the Canandaigua valley.[6]
- Hammondsport Lake in the Keoka valley.[6]
- Watkins Lake in the Seneca valley.[6]
- Ithaca Lake in the Cayuga valley.[6]
- Lake Erie (8,400 YBP) basin[1]
- Early Lake Erie; 11,800 – 8,700 YBP in Ohio, Ontario, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and New York and located in the Erie basin.[1]
- Lake Lundy; 2,000 YBP[7] in Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, and New York.
- Lake Elkton stage of Lake Lundy @ 620 feet (190 m) above sea level[7]
- Lake Dana stage of Lake Lundy @ 590 feet (180 m) above sea level[7]
- Lake Grasmere stage of Lake Lundy @ 640 feet (200 m) above sea level[7]
- Lake Tonawanda; 10,000 YBP[8] in western New York.
- Lake Wayne; ended by 12,000 YBP[7] in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York, expanding from Lake Warren to cover most of the Erie basin.[1]
- Lake Warren; 12,700 YBP[7] in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York, covering southern portion of the basin.[1]
- Lake Whittlesey; 13,000 – 12,700 YBP[7] in Ohio, Ontario, Michigan, and Pennsylvania. It covered the western half of the Erie basin and north over southwest Ontario to the tip of Lake Huron.[1]
- Lake Arkona; 13,600 – 13,200 YBP[7] in Ohio, Ontario, Michigan, and Pennsylvania. Covered two-thirds of the Erie basin, north across southwest Ontario to include the southern tip of Lake Huron, the ‘thumb’ of Michigan and low lands south and west of Saginaw Bay.[1]
- Lake Maumee; 14,000 – 13,000 YBP[7] in Ohio, Ontario and Michigan. The western basin reaching to Fort Wayne, Indiana.[1]
- Lake Rouge in Michigan south of Detroit.
- Lake St. Clair and the Detroit River:
- Early Lake St. Clair: 12,500 – 5,500 YPB in Lake St. Clair; Michigan and Ontario.[1]
- Lake Huron basin
- Later Lake Saginaw in Saginaw Bay on the lower peninsula of Michigan.
- Nipissing Great Lakes; 5,500[9] - 4,500 YBP[10]
- Lake Nipissing; 8,400 – 5,500 YBP formed as the water bodies in the Superior and Huron basins merged across Sault Ste. Marie around 8,4000 YBP and then merged with the Michigan basin around 7,800.[1]
- Lake Stanley-Hough; 8,700 YBP, the water levels had risen to connect both Lake Stanley and Lake Hough into a single body of water.[1]
- Lake Stanley; 9,000 YBP[1] covered only the northern and eastern portion of the main Huron basin with channels into Lake Hough.[1]
- Lake Hough; 9,000 YBP[1] covered Georgian Bay, Ontario.[1]
- Glacial Lake Algonquin; 9,000 – 7,000 YBP[10]
- Lake Stanley; to 10,000 YBP [9]
- Lake Saginaw; 13,500 YBP 10,300 YBP along the southern shore of Saginaw Bay and the low lands to the southwest.[1]
- Lake Michigan (1,500 YBP) basin
- Nipissing Great Lakes: 5,500[9] - 4,500 YBP[10]
- Lake Nipissing; 8,400 – 5,500 YBP formed as the water bodies in the Superior and Huron basins merged across Sault Ste. Marie around 8,4000 YBP and then merged with the Michigan basin around 7,800.[1]
- Glacial Lake Algonquin; 9,000 – 7,000 YBP[10]
- Lake Chippewa; 10,700 – 7,500 YBP,[1] covered the lowest elevations in the Lake Michigan basin forming a linear lake in the middle, linked by a narrow proto-Straits of Mackinac and the Mackinac Falls to Lake Stanley.[1]
- Lake Chicago; 14,000 – 11,000 YBP[1] along the southern shore and growing slowly northward.
- Lake Superior basin
- Precursor Lakes, before the formation of basin wide bodies of water.[11]
- Lake Ashland
- Lake Brule
- Lake Nemadji
- Lake Ontonagon
- Lake St. Louis
- Nipissing Great Lakes: 8,400 – 5,500 YBP formed as the water bodies in the Superior and Huron basins merged across Sault Ste. Marie around 8,4000 YBP and then merged with the Michigan basin around 7,800.;[1] - 5,500;[9] - 4,500 YBP[10]
- Lake Houghton; 8,700 – 8,000 YBP covered the Superior basin in Ontario, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan.[1]
- Fenton Lake; 9,500 YBP occupied a shallow basin in the eastern side of Lake Superior after Lake Minong had shrunk below rock sills internal to the lake basin.[12]
- Lake Minong; 10,300 – 9,800 YBP [13] covering most of the modern Superior basin.[1]
- Post-Duluth Lake; 10,600 YBP[1] along the Wisconsin and Michigan shore, reaching less than halfway across the basin.[1]
- Lake Duluth; 11,500 – 11,000 YBP[13] in the western half of the Superior basin.[1]
- Glacial Lake St. Louis occupied St. Louis Bay at the southern tip of modern Lake Superior.
- Lake Keweenaw; 12,500 – 12,000 YBP[1] in the western Superior basin.[1]
- Precursor Lakes, before the formation of basin wide bodies of water.[11]
- Elsewhere in North America:
- Atlantic Ocean drainage:
- Lake Albany in the valley of the Hudson River.[14]
- Glacial Lake Block Island off the south coast of Rhode Island, west of Block Island.
- Glacial Lake Cape Cod in Massachusetts.
- Lake Colebrook on the border of Vermont and New Hampshire, crossing into Quebec.[14]
- Lake Coos on the border of Vermont and New Hampshire.[14]
- Lake Connecticut; 20,000 – 18,000 YBP, covered Long Island Sound.[15]
- Glacial Lake Hitchcock; 15,000 YBP in the valley of the Connecticut River.[14]
- Glacial Lake Nantucket Sound in Massachusetts.
- Glacial Lake Narragansett covered Narragansett Bay in Rhode Island.
- Lake Merrimack in New Hampshire in the Merrimack River valley[14]
- Lake Passaic; 19,000 – 14,000 YBP in New Jersey
- Glacial Lake Rhode Island off the south coast of Rhode Island, east of Block Island
- Lake Stowe; 15,000 YBP in central Vermont.
- Lake Vermont in Vermont, New York states, and the province of Quebec.[14]
- Lake Winooski in Vermont.[14]
- Lubbock Lake in Texas (see Lubbock Lake Landmark)
- Mississippi River basin
- Glacial Lake Calvin in southeast Iowa
- Illinois River basin
- Lake Baroda in Michigan on the lower St. Joseph River.[16]
- Lake Dowagiac in Michigan on the lower Dowagiac River.,[16] now a branch of the St. Joseph River which now flows into Lake Michigan.
- Lake Madron in Michigan at the junction of the St. Joseph River and the Dowagiac River.[16]
- Lake Kankakee; 13,600 – 13,200 YBP[17]
- Glacial Lake Ottawa in Illinois on the upper Illinois River.[18]
- Glacial Lake Pontiac in Illinois on the lower Vermillion River.[18]
- Glacial Lake Wauponsee in Illinois at the headwaters of the Illinois River.[18]
- Lake Watseka in Illinois on the Iroquois River.[18]
- Ohio River basin
- Lake Monongahela, along the Allegheny, Monongahela and upper Ohio Rivers.
- Glacial Lake Tight, named for William G. Tight along the Ohio and West Virginia border.
- Upper Mississippi River basin
- Lake Upham north of Duluth, Minnesota.[19]
- Lake Aitkin along the Mississippi River near Grand Rapids, Minnesota.[20]
- Lake Minnesota at the great bend in the Minnesota River at Mankato, Minnesota[20]
- Glacial Lake Baraboo, communicating with Glacial Lake Wisconsin here
- Glacial Lake Grantsburg, draining through the St. Croix River,[20]
- Lake Oshkosh; 13,600 - YBP.[1] on the central Wisconsin River.[1]
- Glacial Lake Wisconsin; 18,000 – 14,000 YBP in Wisconsin along the Wisconsin River.[21]
- Missouri River basin
- Glacial Lake Great Falls; 17,000 – 13,000 YBP[22] in Montana[23] near Great Falls, Montana.
- Lake Cutbank in Montana[23] on the Marias River near Cut Bank.
- Lake Choteau in Montana[23]
- Lake Musselshell in Montana[23] on the Musselshell River.
- Lake Jordan in Montana[23]
- Lake Glendive in Montana[23] on the Yellowstone River, unstream from its junction with the Missouri River.
- Lake Crow Flies High in North Dakota between Williston and New Town.[24]
- Lake MacKenzie in North Dakota from the Great Bend, south to the South Dakota border.[24]
- Arctic Ocean drainage
- MacKenzie River basin
- Lake MacKenzie in the Northwest Territories.
- Lake McConnell; 11,800 – 8,400 YBP[25]
- Lake Agassiz; 12,875 – 8,480 YBP[26] in Manitoba and Ontario, stretching south in the James River valley of North Dakota and Minnesota.
- Lake Edmonton in Alberta
- Lake Peace in Alberta and British Columbia
- Lake Regina
- Lake Hind in southwestern Manitoba
- Lake Souris across North Dakota and Manitoba
- Hudson Bay drainage
- Tyrell Sea; 7,000 – 6,000 YBP[1]
- Glacial Lake Ojibway; 8,500 – 8,200 YBP[27]
- Lake Antevs
- Lake Nakina in Ontario, east of Lake Nipigon
- MacKenzie River basin
- Pacific Ocean drainage:
- Glacial Lake Bretz drained north from present-day Puget Sound in Washington
- Lake Cahuilla in Southern California at the Salton Sea and today's cities of Indio, Mexicali, and El Centro, CA
- Glacial Lake Russell drained south from present-day Puget Sound in Washington
- Glacial Lake Snoqualmie in Washington State
- Columbia River basin:
- Lake Allison in western Oregon in the Willamette River valley.
- Lake Canadian on the Washington/Oregon border above the Dalles
- Lake Lahontan; 12,700 – 9,000 YBP in Nevada, California and Oregon.
- Glacial Lake Columbia in central Washington State
- Glacial Lake Spokane in eastern Washington near Spokane.
- Lake Lewis; 16,000 YBP[28] in central Washington, new Yakima.
- Lake Allison; 15,000 – 13, 000 YBP in the Willamette Valley of Oregon.[29]
- Glacial Lake Missoula; 15,000 – 13,000 YBP in western Montana.[30]
- Great Basin of California, Nevada, Utah, Oregon & Idaho:
- Lake Alvord in Oregon and Nevada
- Lake Amboy in California
- Lake Bonneville; 32,000 – 14,500 YBP in Utah and Idaho and Nevada.[31]
- Lake Carpenter in Nevada
- Lake Clover in Nevada
- Lake Dixie in Nevada
- Lake Franklin in Nevada
- Lake Harney-Malheur in Oregon
- Lake Klamath in California and Oregon
- Lake Madeline in California
- Lake Manly; 186,000 – 10,000 YBP, covered Death Valley
- Lake MohaGlacialve in California
- Lake Owens in California
- Lake Panamint in California
- Lake Railroad in Nevada
- Lake Russell in Nevada and California
- Lake Searles in California
- Lake Spring in Nevada
- Lake Steptoe in Nevada
- Lake Toiyabe in Nevada
- Lake Tulare in California
- Lake Tule in California
- Lake Waring in Nevada
Europe
- Lake Komi, a proglacial lake formed in the vicinity of the present-day Russian Komi Republic.
- Baltic Ice Lake, freshwater period of the Baltic Sea
- Ancylus Lake, freshwater period of the Baltic Sea
- Lake Harrison in the Midlands in England
- Lake Lapworth in Shropshire in England
- Lake Orcadie of the Old Red Sandstone, Scotland
- Lake Pickering between the North York Moors and the Yorkshire Wolds in England
- Ebro endorheic lake system, in the Ebro Basin, (Spain)
- Duero endorheic lake system, in the Duero Basin, (Spain)
- Gjende Lake in the Jotunheimen mountains of Norway
- Zechstein Sea covering all of central and Northern Europe (Saltwater).
South America
- Lake Ballivián in South America, covered the Altiplano in the Andes
Asia
Africa
- Lake Makgadikgadi in the Kalahari Desert in Africa
Oceania
- Lake Carpentaria
- Lake Bungunnia in the Murray Basin
- Eromanga Sea in the Eromanga Basin
- Lake Walloon, Lake Winton, and Lake Dieri, of which the modern Lake Eyre is a remnant.[32]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 Web animation; University of Wisconsin, Green Bay; 2001
- ↑ Barnett, P.J. 1988. History of the northwestern arm of the Champlain Sea. Pp 25-36 in Gadd, N.R. (ed.) The Late Quaternary Development of the Champlain Sea Basin. Geological Association of Canada, Special Paper 36. Map 5.
- ↑ Postglacial chronology and the origin of deep lake basins in Prince Edward County, Ontario. Conference on Great Lakes Research, 1964 - International Association for Great Lakes Research; Terasmae, E Mirynech; 1964
- ↑ "Glacial Lake Outflow via the St. Lawrence Pathway Prior to the Champlain Sea Invasion and During the Younger Dryas"; American Geophysical Union; Occhietti, S.; Anderson, T. W.; Karrow, P. F.; Lewis, M. C.; Mott, R. J.; Parent, M.; Richard, P. J.; Rodrigues, C. G.; Stea, R.; 2005; Retrieved 2009-10-15.
- ↑ Glacial Geology and the Pleistocene Epoch; Richard Foster Flint; 2008-11; Retrieved 2009-09-26.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Glacial Lakes of Western New York; H.L. Fairchild; Bulletin of the Geological Society of America; Vol. 6, PP, 353-274, Pls. 18-23; Rochester, New York; April 12, 1895
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 The History of Lake Eire; Michael C. Hansen; Ohio Geology Newsletter; Div of Geological Survey, State of Ohio; Columbus, Ohio; 1989
- ↑ Ernest H. Muller (1977), Late Glacial and Early Postglacial Environments in Western New York; Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 288 (1), 223–233. 1977
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Reconstruction Low Lake Levels of Lake Michigan; Timothy Fisher; University of Toledo; Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant College Program; University of Illinois; Urbana, IL; 2006
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Geological History of Glacial Lake Algonquin and the Upper Great Lakes; Curtis E. Larsen; U.S. Geological Survey bulletin; 1801; United States Government Printing Office; Washington, D.C.; 1987} Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Larsen" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "Larsen" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "Larsen" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Professional Paper 154—A, Moriaines and Shore Lines of Lake Superior Basin: Frank Leverett; United States Government Printing Office, Washington; February 9, 1929; (Pages 1-72)
- ↑ A late Lake Minong transgression in the Lake Superior bain as documented by sediments from Fenton Lake, Ontario; Andy Breckenridge, Thomas V. Lowell, Timothy G. Fisher, Shiyong Yu; Springer Science +Business Media B.V.; 2010
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Post-Valders Lake Stages in the Lake Superior Basin", in Glacial and Postglacial Geologic History of Isle Royale National Park, Michigan by N. King Huber, USGS Geological Survey Professional Paper 754-A
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 http://eos.tufts.edu/varves; retrieved May 12, 2014
- ↑ U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-002; Geological Framework Data from Long Island Sound, 1981-1990: A Digital Data Release; CERC Technical Report 81-3; Sand Resources and Geological Character of Long Island Sound; S. Jeffress Williams; 1981
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Using The Fluvial-Lacustrine Interface In A Glaciodeltaic Deposit To Redefine The Valparaiso Moraine, Berrien County, Michigan, USA Kincare, K.A., Michigan Geological Survey Stone, B.D., and Newell, W.L., U.S. Geological Survey; 7thInternational Conference on Fluvial Sedimentology –Lincoln, Nebraska; ca 2000
- ↑ Dunes of Northwestern Indiana; Edward Barrett; Forty First Annual Report of Department of Geology and Natural Resources, Indiana; pg 11-22; Fort Wayne Printing Company; 1916
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 Earth Science Field Trip, Guide Leaflet, Kankakee Area, May 18, 1957; John C. Frye; State Geological Survey; Urbana, Illinois;l 1957
- ↑ Waters, Thomas F. (1977). The Streams and Rivers of Minnesota. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Ojakangas, Richard W.; Matsch, Charles L (1982). Minnesota's Geology. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
- ↑ Dott, Robert H., Jr; John W. Attig (2004). Roadside Geology of Wisconsin. Missoula, Montana: Mountain Press Publishing Company. pp. 199-205.
- ↑ Montagne J.L. "Quaternary System, Wisconsin Glaciation." Geologic Atlas of the Rocky Mountain Region. Denver: Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, 1972.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.5 Pleistocene Glaciation and Diversion of the Missouri River in Northern Montana; William Moak, Department of Geography and Geology, University of Nebraska at Omaha; Omaha, Nebraska; ca, 1991
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 Geology of the Lewis and Clark Trail in North Dakota; The Missouri River
- ↑ Smith, Derald G. (1994). "Glacial lake McConnell: Paleogeography, age, duration, and associated river deltas, mackenzie river basin, western Canada". Quaternary Science Reviews 13 (9-10).
- ↑ Examining the progression and termination of Lake Agassiz: Michael J. Michalek; 2013
- ↑ Lajeunesse, P.; St-Onge, G. (2007). "Reconstruction of the Last Outburst Flood of Glacial Lake Agassiz-Ojibway in Hudson Bay and Hudson Strait". American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2007. Retrieved 2012-09-24.
- ↑ Bjornstad, Bruce (2006). On the Trail of the Ice Age Floods: A Geological Guide to the Mid-Columbia Basin. Keokee Books; San Point, Idaho.
- ↑ http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WM19FR
- ↑ Bjornstad, Bruce N. (c2006). On the trail of the Ice Age floods : a geological field guide to the mid-Columbia basin / Bruce Bjornstad.. Sandpoint, Idaho: Keokee Books. pp. 4.
- ↑ Nevada Division of State Parks: Lahontan State Recreation Area Lake Lahontan Yacht Club
- ↑ Dr Vincent Kotwicki's "Floods of Lake Eyre"
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