Michael, Prince of Montenegro

Michael Petrović-Njegoš
File:Mihailo Petrovich Negosh.jpg
Head of the Royal House of Montenegro
Tenure	7 March 1921 – 24 March 1986
Predecessor	Crown Prince Danilo
Successor	Prince Nicholas
Born	(1908-09-14)14 September 1908 Podgorica
Died	Paris
Burial	Serbian Cemetery near Orly, Val-de-Marne, France.
Spouse	Geneviève Prigent
Issue	Nicholas, Prince of Montenegro
House	Petrović-Njegoš
Father	Prince Mirko of Montenegro
Mother	Natalija Konstantinovic

Prince Michael Petrović-Njegoš of Montenegro (14 September 1908 in Podgorica, Montenegro – 24 March 1986 in Paris, France) was the third (but eldest surviving) son of Prince Mirko of Montenegro, Grand Voivode of Grahovo and Zeta (1879–1918), and Natalija Konstantinovic, a cousin of Aleksandar Obrenović of Serbia. He was pretender to the throne of Montenegro, holding the title Grand Duke of Grahovo and Zeta, in succession to his father. Nicholas I of Montenegro was Michael's grandfather. Michael had recognized and acknowledged the Unification of Montenegro with Serbia, renouncing the throne. In World War II he was held prisoner by the Nazis after refusing to take up the throne of the Axis forces' re-established Montenegrin puppet-state. During the period of Communism, he was an active member of the Serb diaspora revolutionary organization and a diplomatic worker against the Communist dictatorship of Marshal Tito.

He was a member of the Crown Council of King Peter II of Yugoslavia.

Early life

Michael was born in Cetinje in 1908, the son of Prince Mirko of Montenegro. In 1916, the defence of Montenegro against the invasion by Austria-Hungary during the First World War collapsed and he, along with the rest of the royal family, fled to Italy. There, he briefly attended a boarding school in Naples before joining his mother, who had taken up residence in Eastbourne in the United Kingdom where he completed his primary education.

Accession

After his grandfather Nikola died in 1921, the defunct throne was inherited by Danilo, Crown Prince of Montenegro. However, Danilo unexpectedly abdicated a few days later and his nephew the young Michael (who succeeded him as pretender) "reigned" as King Mihaijlo I under the guidance of a regent. On 14 September 1929 the Regency of General Anto Gvozdenovic ended and Mihaijlo renounced his dynasty's claim to the throne of Montenegro and declared allegiance to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In gratitude, the King of Yugoslavia, Alexander I rewarded Prince Mihaijlo with a pension from the Civil List.

The Axis Proposition

In 1941, following the Fall of France, Prince Mihaijlo and his wife were arrested by the German occupation authorities. They were transferred to Germany and were held at a castle on the shores of Lake Constance. It was here that they were visited by Count Galeazzo Ciano and Joachim von Ribbentrop and were offered the throne of a new, independent Kingdom of Montenegro, but under Italian and German protection and guidance. He rejected this offer and remained imprisoned in Germany until his aunt, the Queen of Italy (Elena of Montenegro), secured their release in 1943. They returned to France only to be arrested by the German authorities and transferred to an internment camp at Jezeří Castle in occupied Czechoslovakia. It was here that the couple's son Prince Nicholas of Montenegro was born in 1944.

The Communist Proposition

At the end of the war Michael, his wife and infant son were released; they returned to France, taking up residence in Paris. Shortly after this he began talking to Marshal Tito of the newly socialist Yugoslavia and was invited to visit the country. In 1947 the young family took up residence in Belgrade and Prince Mihaijlo accepted the position as Head of Protocol at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs. Prince Mihajlo was able to visit Montenegro which he had not seen since 1916, and realized that the memory of his family was still alive amongst the people. Eventually disappointed with Tito, the family returned to France in June 1948.

Serb Opposition to Communist Dictatorship

From its founding in 1964, Michael Petrovich spent his years as an active political dissident of the Communist regime and worked to bring about its downfall. He was a member of the revolutionary Serb Liberation Movement Fatherland, aimed at gathering the Serb diaspora and internal dissidents in an effort to destroy the Yugoslav Communists.

Later Life and Death

Following his break with the government of Yugoslavia, the money he received from the civil list was terminated. Soon after, he and his wife divorced and he remained in exile until his death in 1986. Their son, Nicholas, was brought up by his mother. Prince Mihaijlo is buried in the Serbian Orthodox Church cemetery in Paris.

Marriage and children

Michael married Geneviève Prigent (4 December 1919, in Saint-Brieuc – 26 January 1990, in Lannion), second daughter of François Prigent (1883–1947), a streetcar driver who later became a private detective (other sources claimed that he was a surgeon in Saint-Brieuc or Lannion), and wife Blanche Bitte (1883–1958), in Paris, France, on 27 January 1941; they divorced on 11 August 1949 in Paris. Shortly after, Geneviève started a career of speech therapist in Trébeurden. They had one child:

• Prince Nicholas of Montenegro (b. 7 July 1944)

Ancestors

Family of Michael, Prince of Montenegro

16. Stanko Petrović-Njegoš               8. Mirko Petrović Njegoš                       17. Krstinja Vrbica               4. Nicholas I of Montenegro                             18. Drago Martinović               9. Anastasija Martinović                       19. Stana Martinović               2. Prince Mirko of Montenegro                                   20. Stevan P. Vukotić-Perković               10. Petar Vukotić                       21. Stana Milić               5. Milena Vukotić                             22. Tadija Vojvodić               11. Jelena Vojvodić                       23. Milica Pavićević               1. Michael, Prince of Montenegro                                         24. Obrad Konstantinović               12. Alexander Konstantinović                       25. Danica Gvozdenović               6. Alexander Konstantinović                             26. Jevram Obrenović               13. Princess Anka Obrenović                       27. Tomanija Bogicević               3. Natalija Konstantinović                                   28. Tadija Opujić               14. Alexander Opujić                       29. Vidosava Milić               7. Milena Opujić                             30. Rajko Bošković               15. Marija Bošković                       31. Mara Nikčević

Works

• Njegoš's Chapel on Lovćen - Serb Sacred Place (Serbian: Његошева Капела На Ловћену Српска Светиња)
• "From my Memmoires" (Serbian: Из мојих мемоара), The Serb National Defense, 1961, Winsor

External links

• The Njegoskij Fund Public Project : Biography of Prince Michel of Montenegro (1908–1986).
• The Njegoskij Fund Public Project : Biography of Genevieve Prigent, Militant Princess and French Resistant (1919–1990).

Michael, Prince of Montenegro House of Petrović-Njegoš Born: 14 September 1908 Died: 24 March 1986
Titles in pretence
Preceded by Crown Prince Danilo	— TITULAR — King of Montenegro 7 March 1921 – 24 March 1986 Reason for succession failure: Montenegro declared union with Serbia in 1918	Succeeded by Prince Nikola