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Flag of Canada Canada /ˈkænədə/ is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area. Canada's common border with the United States to the south and northwest is the longest in the world. The land that is now Canada was inhabited for millennia by various groups of Aboriginal peoples. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French expeditions explored, and later settled, along the Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom. This widening autonomy was highlighted by the Statute of Westminster of 1931 and culminated in the Canada Act of 1982, which severed the vestiges of legal dependence on the British parliament. Canada is a federation that is governed as a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy with Queen Elizabeth II as its head of state. It is a bilingual nation with both English and French as official languages at the federal level. One of the world's highly developed countries, Canada has a diversified economy that is reliant upon its abundant natural resources and upon trade—particularly with the United States, with which Canada has had a long and complex relationship. It is a member of the G8, G-20, NATO, OECD, WTO, Commonwealth, Francophonie, OAS, APEC, and UN. Selected article - The Liberal Party of Canada leadership election of 1968 elected Pierre Elliott Trudeau as the new leader of the Liberal Party. He was the unexpected winner in what was one of the most important leadership conventions in party history. The Globe and Mail newspaper report the next day called it "the most chaotic, confusing, and emotionally draining convention in Canadian political history." The convention was held following the retirement of Lester B. Pearson, who was a much respected party leader and Prime Minister of Canada, but who had failed to win a majority government in two attempts. Eight high profile cabinet ministers entered the race, but by the time the convention began on April 3 the charismatic Trudeau had emerged as the front runner. He was strongly opposed by the party's right wing, but this faction was divided between former Minister of Trade and Commerce Robert Winters and Minister of Transport Paul Hellyer, and failed to mount a united opposition. Trudeau won the leadership with the support of 51% delegates on the fourth ballot of the convention. Selected biography - k-os in November 2004 k-os (born Kevin Brereton on February 20, 1972) is a Canadian rapper, singer, songwriter and record producer of Trinidadian descent. His given name may also be cited as Kheaven, a spelling he later adopted. The alias "k-os" is pronounced "chaos" and is an acronym for "Knowledge of Self," although in a later interview he also said that it used to stand for "Kheaven's Original Sound." His music incorporates a wide variety of music genres including but not limited to rap, funk, rock, and reggae. The lyrics frequently focus on promoting a "positive message" while at times expressing criticism of mainstream hip hop culture's obsession with money, fame and glorification of violence.< A musician as well as a producer, k-os has written and produced nearly every part of all three of his albums. k-os usually performs with a live band, something that is uncommon in the hip hop genre. He sometimes plays guitar and keyboard both during live performances and in the studio. k-os received his first musical exposure with the single "Musical Essence", released in 1993. After the release of his second single "Rise Like The Sun" in 1996 he withdrew from the industry because he was dissatisfied with his musical style. He reappeared briefly in 1999 and released his debut album Exit in 2002. The album received positive reviews but sold relatively few copies. He released his second album Joyful Rebellion in 2004, which received platinum status in Canada. Joyful Rebellion received positive reviews, but at times was criticized for speaking extensively on the state of hip hop. k-os's third album, Atlantis: Hymns for Disco, was released in 2006. Selected picture - John A. Macdonald, first Prime Minister of Canada Credit: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. Brady-Handy Photograph Collection. More information... Symbols of Canada - The Canada wordmark was established in 1980, the Canada wordmark is essentially a logo for the government of Canada: it consists of the word "Canada" written in a serif font, a modified version of Baskerville, with a Canadian flag over the final 'a'. In a 1999 study commissioned by the federal government, 77% of respondents remembered seeing the Canada wordmark at some point in the past... More information... Did you know... - ... that the sawmill in Aumond, Quebec, built in 1862, also provided electricity and remained in operation until 1989? ...that Cecilia Krieger, who translated the work of Sierpiński into English, was the first woman to receive a Ph.D in mathematics in Canada? ...that the Lake Superior National Marine Conservation Area in Ontario will be the largest freshwater marine protected area in the world? ...that the global stratotype for the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary is a cliff at Fortune Head, southeastern Newfoundland? ...that after taxiing past the smoldering wreckage of Canadian Pacific Airlines Flight 402, BOAC flight 911 also crashed, with 188 total lives lost in less than a day? Selected panorama - View of the far side of Pangnirtung, Nunavut Credit: Slp1 Topics Provinces & Territories Cities & Regions  Canada  Geography of Canada   History of Canada  Canadian Forces   Politics of Canada   Music of Canada   Sports of Canada   Canadian TV   Roads of Canada  Volcanism of Canada  New France   Acadia 20px Aboriginals   Ontario   Quebec   Nova Scotia   New Brunswick   Manitoba   British Columbia   P.E.I.   Saskatchewan   Alberta   Newfoundland & Labrador   Northwest Territories   Yukon   Nunavut   Ottawa   Toronto   Vancouver   Calgary   Montreal   Edmonton   Hamilton   Quebec City   St. John's   Quebec Regions Error creating thumbnail: File missing   Eastern Ont.   York Region   Arctic WikiProject Canada What are Portals? · List of Canadian portals