Timeline of Kaliningrad

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Kaliningrad, Russia. Prior to 1945, the city was known as Königsberg.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

Prior to 16th century

History of Brandenburg and Prussia
Northern March pre–12th century		Old Prussians pre–13th century
Margraviate of Brandenburg 1157–1618 (1806)		Teutonic Order 1224–1525
		Duchy of Prussia 1525–1618	Royal (Polish) Prussia 1466–1772
Brandenburg-Prussia 1618–1701
Kingdom in Prussia 1701–1772
Kingdom of Prussia 1772–1918
Free State of Prussia 1918–1947			Klaipėda Region (Lithuania) 1920–1939 / 1945–present
Brandenburg (Germany) 1947–1952 / 1990–present	Recovered Territories (Poland) 1918/1945–present	Kaliningrad Oblast (Russia) 1945–present

• 1255 – Fortress built by Teutonic Knights during Prussian Crusade.
• 1256 – Settlement formed north of the fortress.
• 1262 – Prussians begin to besiege castle during the Great Prussian Uprising.
• 1264 – Settlement developed south of the castle.
• 1286 – Königsberg chartered.
• 1300 – Town of Löbenicht built.
• 1324 – Town of Kneiphof founded.
• 1340 – Königsberg joins Hanseatic League.
• 1377 – Köttelbrücke (bridge) built.
• 1379 – Schmiedebrücke (bridge) built.
• 1380 – Cathedral built in Kneiphof (approximate date).
• 1387 – Kneiphof Town Hall renovated.
• 1457 – Königsberg becomes capital of the State of the Teutonic Order.
• 1464 – Georg Steinhaupt becomes mayor.
• 1497 – Strait of Baltiysk dug near city.

16th-17th centuries

• 1523 - Printing press in operation.
• 1525
  • Hohenzollern Albert becomes first Duke of Prussia.
  • City becomes capital of the Duchy of Prussia.
• 1529 – Castle Library established.
• 1544 – Lutheran Albertina University founded.
• 1568 – March: Albert Frederick becomes Duke of Prussia.
• 1590 – Green Bridge rebuilt.
• 1594 – Schlosskirche (castle church) dedicated.
• 1618 – August: John Sigismund becomes Duke of Prussia.
• 1619 – December: George William becomes Duke of Prussia.
• 1626 – City walls built.
• 1640 – December: Frederick William becomes Duke of Prussia.
• 1647 – Neurossgarten Church dedicated.
• 1657
  • City "ceded to the elector of Brandenburg."
  • Brandenburg Gate built.
  • Fort Friedrichsburg under construction.
• 1688 – April: Frederick becomes Duke of Prussia.

18th century

• 1701
  • 18 January: Coronation of Frederick I of Prussia in the Schlosskirche.
  • Capital of Duchy of Prussia relocated from Königsberg to Berlin.
• 1709 – Plague.
• 1718
  • City Library opens.
  • Królewiec Post Polish-language newspaper begins publication.
• 1724
  • June: City of Königsberg expanded by uniting Altstadt, Kneiphof, and Löbenicht.
  • Königsberg City Archive is located in the Town Hall (approximate date).
• 1735 – Math problem "Seven Bridges of Königsberg" presented.
• 1756 – Synagogue built.
• 1758
  • 16 January: Russian forces enter city.
  • 24 January: City becomes part of Russia.
• 1764 – Russian occupation ends.
• 1765 – Gumbinnen Gate built.
• 1780 – Theodor Gottlieb von Hippel becomes mayor.
• 1790 – Königshalle built.

19th century

• 1804 – 12 February: Immanuel Kant dies.
• 1807 – French in power.
• 1809 – Paradeplatz city garden established.
• 1810 – August Wilhelm Heidemann becomes mayor.
• 1812 – School of church music founded.
• 1813 – Koenigsberg Observatory built.
• 1814 – Carl Friedrich Horn becomes mayor.
• 1826 – Johann Friedrich List becomes mayor.
• 1828 – Royal and University Library formed.
• 1830 – Population: 54,000.
• 1833 – University's Department of Chemistry opens in Neurossgarten.
• 1838 – Rudolf von Auerswald becomes mayor.
• 1845
  • Union Giesserei foundry in business.
  • New Altstadt Church dedicated.
  • Art academy opens.
• 1851 – Grolman Bastion built.
• 1855
  • Sailing Club founded.
  • Rossgarten Gate rebuilt.
• 1856 – Königsberg Cathedral restored.
• 1858 – Dohna Tower built.
• 1860 – Astronomic Bastion built.
• 1861
  • 18 October: Coronation of William I, German Emperor, in the Schlosskirche.
  • Albertina University new campus dedicated.
• 1867 – Population: 101,507.
• 1875
  • Johann Karl Adolf Selke becomes mayor.
  • Königsberg Stock Exchange built in Vorstadt.
• 1878 – Königsberger Allgemeine Zeitung (newspaper) in publication.
• 1880
  • Bronsart Fort built.
  • Population: 140,800.
• 1883 – High Bridge rebuilt.
• 1886 – Siemering Museum established.
• 1889 – Eisenbahnbrücke (bridge) opens.
• 1890 – Population: 161,666.
• 1892 – Baltika Stadium opens.
• 1893 – Hermann Theodor Hoffmann becomes mayor.
• 1896 – Zoo founded.
• 1897 – Königsberger Tageblatt (newspaper) in publication.
• 1898 – Palaestra Albertina established.

20th century

1900-1945

• 1900
  • Football Club Königsberg formed.
  • Population: 187,897.
• 1901 – Queen Louise Memorial Church and Pillau-Königsberg canal built.
• 1903 – Siegfried Körte becomes mayor.
• 1906 – Bismarck tower built near city.
• 1907 – Church of the Holy Family built.
• 1912 – Stadthalle opens.
• 1913
  • New Tragheim Church dedicated.
  • Kunsthalle Königsberg (art gallery) opens.
• 1914 – City bombed by Russian forces.
• 1919
  • Hans Lohmeyer becomes mayor.
  • City becomes part of the German Reich.
  • Population: 260,895.
• 1921 – Königsberg Devau Airport opens.
• 1927 – City Hall relocated to Hansaplatz.
• 1928 – Königsberg City Museum opens.
• 1929 – Central railway terminal opens.
• 1933 – Hellmuth Will becomes mayor.
• 1934 – Hansaplatz renamed Adolf-Hitler-Platz.
• 1939
  • Lasch Bunker built in Paradeplatz.
  • Population: 368,433.
• 1941 – 1 September: Aerial bombing by Soviet forces begins.
• 1944 – August: Aerial bombing by British forces; city extensively damaged.
• 1945
  • January: Battle of Königsberg begins.
  • February: Metgethen massacre.
  • 9 April: Battle of Königsberg ends; Soviets in power.

1946-1990s

• 1946
  • April: City becomes part of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, per Potsdam Agreement.
  • City renamed Kaliningrad after Bolshevik Mikhail Kalinin.
  • City becomes seat of the newly formed Kaliningrad Oblast.
  • Kaliningrad Regional Museum of History and Arts founded.
  • Kaliningradskaya Pravda newspaper begins publication.
• 1947 – Kaliningrad Regional Drama Theatre established.
• 1954 – Pishchevik Kaliningrad football club formed.
• 1956 – Population: 188,000.
• 1959 – Population: 203,570.
• 1960 – Theatre on Mira Avenue rebuilt.
• 1967 – Kaliningrad State University active.
• 1970 – Population: 296,962.
• 1979
  • Khrabrovo Airport terminal built.
  • Kaliningrad Amber Museum opens.
  • Population: 354,788.
• 1988 – Kaliningrad State Art Gallery established.
• 1989 – Population: 401,280; oblast 871,283.
• 1990
  • Chamber of Commerce founded.
  • City opens to foreign tourists.
• 1994 – Kaliningrad State Technical University active.
• 1996 – Leonid Gorbenko becomes governor of Kaliningrad Oblast.
• 1998 – The Voice from the Pregel Polish-language magazine in publication.

21st century

• 2001 – Vladimir Yegorov becomes governor of Kaliningrad Oblast.
• 2005
  • July: 750th anniversary of city founding.
  • Kaiser Bridge reconstructed (approximate date).
  • Georgy Boos becomes governor of Kaliningrad Oblast.
• 2007
  • Alexander Jaroschuk becomes mayor.
  • Khrabrovo Airport new terminal opens.
• 2008 – Cathedral of Christ the Saviour consecrated.
• 2010
  • 30 January: Protest against governor Georgy Boos.
  • Population: 431,500; oblast 941,873.
  • Nikolay Tsukanov becomes governor of Kaliningrad Oblast.
• 2012 – Poland-Russia border near city opens.

See also

• History of Kaliningrad
• Königsberg
• List of monarchs of Prussia, 1525-1701

References

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and Russian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

Published in the 18th-19th century

Published in the 20th century

Published in the 21st century

in other languages

• (bibliography)

External links

• Europeana. Items related to Kaliningrad, various dates.
• Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Kaliningrad, various dates
• Links to fulltext city directories for Konigsberg via Wikisource