CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST 1876

This article is about one of several different Cape Government Railways locomotive types to be designated "1st Class". For other CGR 1st Class locomotives, see Cape Government Railways 1st Class locomotives.

CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST 1876
South African Class 01 2-6-0ST

300px CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST no. M16 SAR Class 01 2-6-0 ST no. 0416

Type and origin ♥ As a 2-6-0ST saddle-tank locomotive Power type Steam Designer Kitson and Company Builder Kitson and Company Serial number 2046-2047 Model 2-6-0T Back-to-Back Build date 1876 Total produced One pair Rebuilder Cape Government Railways Rebuild date c. 1881 Number rebuilt 2

Specifications Configuration 2-6-0T, rebuilt to 2-6-0ST (Mogul) Driver axle 2nd coupled axle Gauge 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge Leading dia 24 in (610 mm) Coupled dia 39 in (991 mm) Wheelbase:  • Engine  • Coupled 7 ft 9 in (2,362 mm) Wheel spacing (Assymetrical) 1-2: 3 ft 5 in (1,041 mm) 2-3: 4 ft 1 in (1,245 mm) Length:  • Over couplers Height Axle load ♥  • Leading ♥  • 1st coupled ♥  • 2nd coupled ♥  • 3rd coupled ♥ Adhesive weight ♥ Loco weight ♥ Fuel type Coal Fuel capacity ♥ 10 long hundredweight (0.5 t) Water cap ♥ Boiler:  • Pitch 5 ft 8 in (1,727 mm)  • Firebox type Round-top Boiler pressure 140 psi (965 kPa) Safety valve Salter Firegrate area 10 sq ft (0.93 m2) Heating surface 532 sq ft (49.4 m2)  • Tubes 483 sq ft (44.9 m2)  • Firebox 49 sq ft (4.6 m2) Cylinders Two Cylinder size 12 in (305 mm) bore 20 in (508 mm) stroke Valve gear Stephenson Couplers Bell link-and-pin

Performance figures Tractive effort 7,754 lbf (34.49 kN) @ 75%

Career Operators Cape Government Railways South African Railways Class CGR 1st Class, SAR Class 01 Number in class 2 Numbers M15-M16, SAR 0405-0416 Delivered 1876 First run 1876

The Cape Government Railways 1st Class 2-6-0ST of 1876 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.

In 1876, the Cape Government Railways placed a pair of Stephenson's Patent back-to-back 2-6-0 Mogul type side-tank locomotives, built by Kitson, in service on the Cape Midland system. They were later separated and rebuilt to saddle-tank locomotives, for use as shunting engines. When a classification system was introduced by the Railways, they were designated 1st Class.

Manufacturer

A pair of Stephenson's Patent back-to-back Mogul type 2-6-0 side-tank locomotives were delivered to the Cape Government Railways (CGR) from Kitson and Company in 1876. They arrived in Port Elizabeth on the ship Queen of the West on 21 February and were numbered M15 and M16 in the Midland System's number range.

Chacteristics

The locomotives were built as permanently coupled back-to-back tank locomotives, a configuration which allowed the two engines to be operated by a single crew. A similar pair of 0-6-0T back-to-back locomotives, built by Robert Stephenson and Company, was delivered to the Eastern System in East London in that same year.

Their feedwater pumps, attached to the right hand side of their spectacle plates, were actuated from the piston crossheads. The locomotives were, in addition, each equipped with a small feedwater injector feed, attached to the left side of the smokebox, for use in cases of emergency or while the locomotives were stationary. The injector had been invented by the French engineer Henri Giffard in 1852.

Tyre wear was reduced by supplying jets of water, fed from diameter pipes, to the leading wheels while negotiating curves. This was found to diminish friction significantly.

The locomotives' cylinders and slide valve faces were lubricated by tallow cups, attached to the sides of the cylinder assemblies. When melted tallow was found to be unsatisfactory, it was replaced by vegetable oils.

Service

Cape Government Railways

It is not known whether this back-to-back pair displayed the same instability in operation as the 0-6-0T back-to-back locomotive pair on the Eastern System, but by 1881 they had also been separated. In the process they were rebuilt to saddle-tank engines, for use in shunting service in Port Elizabeth, where they spent the rest of their service lives. When a classification system was introduced on the CGR, they were designated 1st Class.

During the CGR era, both locomotives were renumbered more than once. By 1886, the system prefix "M" was replaced by the numeral "1". They were renumbered at least twice more, to 215 and 216 by 1890 and to 415 and 416 by 1896.

South African Railways

When the Union of South Africa was established on 31 May 1910, the three Colonial government railways (CGR, Natal Government Railways and Central South African Railways) were united under a single administration to control and administer the railways, ports and harbours of the Union. Although the South African Railways and Harbours came into existence in 1910, the actual classification and renumbering of all the rolling stock of the three constituent railways required careful planning and was only implemented with effect from 1 January 1912.

By 1912, both locomotives still survived to be taken onto the SAR roster. Since they were considered obsolete by the SAR, the locomotives were designated Class 01 and renumbered by having the numeral 0 prefixed to their existing numbers. Even though they were considered obsolete and no. 0415 was scrapped in 1916, no. 0416 was only scrapped in 1946, after seventy years in service.

Illustration

A front view of the rebuilt saddle-tank version is illustrated below, showing no. 0416, which began its career as half of the Stephenson's Patent permanently coupled back-to-back pair in 1876.

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  SAR Class 01 2-6-0ST no. 0416