South African Class S 0-8-0

South African Class S 0-8-0

300px No. 355 at Millsite, 8 April 1966

Type and origin Power type Steam Designer South African Railways (Col F.R. Collins DSO) Builder Henschel and Son Serial number 21071-21084 Model Class S Build date 1928 Total produced 14

Specifications Configuration 0-8-0 (Eight-coupled) Driver axle 3rd coupled axle Gauge 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge Coupled dia 48 in (1,219 mm) Tender wheels 34 in (864 mm) Wheelbase  • Engine 14 ft 9 in (4,496 mm)  • Coupled 14 ft 9 in (4,496 mm)  • Tender 20 ft 5 in (6,223 mm)  • Tender bogie 6 ft 2 in (1,880 mm) Length:  • Over couplers Height 13 ft (3,962 mm) Frame type Bar Axle load  • Tender bogie Bogie 1: Bogie 2:  • Tender axle Adhesive weight Loco weight Tender weight Loco & tender weight Tender type GT (2-axle bogies) Fuel type Coal Fuel capacity 8 LT (8.1 t) Water cap Boiler:  • Pitch 8 ft 6 in (2,591 mm)  • Diameter  • Tube plates 14 ft (4,267 mm)  • Small tubes 135: 2 in (51 mm)  • large tubes 28: tubes  • Firebox type Round-top Boiler pressure 170 psi (1,172 kPa) Safety valve Pop Firegrate area 41 sq ft (3.8 m2) Heating surface 1,699 sq ft (157.8 m2)  • Tubes 1,554 sq ft (144.4 m2)  • Firebox 125 sq ft (11.6 m2) Superheater:  • Heating area 450 sq ft (42 m2) Cylinders Two Cylinder size bore 25 in (635 mm) stroke Valve gear Walschaerts Valve type Piston Couplers AAR knuckle

Performance figures Tractive effort 35,890 lbf (159.6 kN) @ 75%

Career Operators South African Railways Class Class S Number in class 14 Numbers 360-373 Delivered 1929 First run 1929 Withdrawn 1976

The 3rd coupled axle had flangeless wheels

The South African Railways Class S 0-8-0 of 1929 was a steam locomotive.

In 1929, the South African Railways placed fourteen purpose-built Class S steam shunting locomotives with a 0-8-0 wheel arrangement in service.

Background

Throughout the history of railways in South Africa, shunting was traditionally performed by downgraded mainline locomotives. Considering the enormous amount of shunting performed, the number of dedicated shunting locomotives on the South African Railways (SAR) roster in the steam era was remarkably low, amounting to only 151 locomotives on a railway whose steam stock at one stage reached a maximum of nearly 2,800 locomotives.

When it did eventually introduce purpose-built shunting locomotives, the SAR preferred to adhere to the American practice of using tender locomotives for shunting, rather than the European practice of using tank engines.

Manufacturer

File:Col F.R. Collins DSO.jpg

Col F.R. Collins DSO

In spite of the conversion of Class A tank locomotives to Class 17 tender shunting locomotives, increasing rail traffic throughout the country and particularly on the Witwatersrand in the 1920s, still made it necessary to use heavy mainline locomotives for shunting work. Specifications for the Class S 0-8-0 tender type steam shunting locomotive were therefore prepared by Colonel F.R. Collins, Chief Mechanical Engineer of the SAR.

In 1928, fourteen locomotives were built to the SAR specifications by Henschel and Son in Germany. They were delivered in 1929 and numbered in the range from 360 to 373. Since they were designed to operate at low speeds in tightly curved shunting yards, there was no need for the leading or trailing wheels which are necessary on mainline locomotives to improve high speed stability. In addition, it was desirable to have as large a proportion of the engine weight as possible carried on the coupled wheels to obtain the maximum adhesion.

Characteristics

To improve the crew's rearward vision, the top sides of the tender's coal bunker were set inwards and the water tank top was rounded. The locomotives were superheated, were built on bar frames and used Walschaerts valve gear.

When they were first introduced, their boiler pressure was set at 216 pounds per square inch (1,489 kilopascals), giving a tractive effort of 45,500 pounds-force (202 kilonewtons) at 75% boiler pressure. Since they tended to be slippery, however, the operating boiler pressure was reduced to 170 pounds per square inch (1,172 kilopascals) in 1933, resulting in a corresponding reduction in tractive effort to 35,890 pounds-force (159.6 kilonewtons) at 75% boiler pressure.

Service

South African Railways

The Class S was initially placed in service in the Orange Free State and Natal, but they were soon transferred to Transvaal, where they spent most of the rest of their working lives, rendering good service in yards at several centres. The Class ended up being mainly a Western Transvaal locomotive, stationed at Germiston, Kaserne, Krugersdorp, Springs and at Beaconsfield in Kimberley, with a solitary locomotive at Volksrust.

Industrial

They were withdrawn from SAR service in 1976. Four were sold to Dunn's in 1977, from where they eventually ended up at several locations.

• No. 362 went to Apex Mines at Greenside as no. 6.
• No. 365 went to Tweefontein United Colliery and later to Enyati Colliery.
• No. 367 went to Apex Mines as no. 5 and later to Grootvlei Proprietary Mines at Springs, first as no. 3 "Big Mac" and later renumbered to 2.
• No. 369 went to Grootvlei Proprietary Mines (GVPM), first as no. 2 "King Kong" and later renumbered to 1.

Illustration

• Class S 362 (0-8-0).jpg

  No. 362 at Kimberley, August 1973

• No.2 (SAR 369) Grootvlei Mines Springs 230479.jpg

  GVPM no. 2 "King Kong", 23 April 1979