5-HT2B receptor

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Lua error in Module:Infobox_gene at line 33: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (5-HT2B) also known as serotonin receptor 2B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HTR2B gene.[1][2] 5-HT2B is a member of the 5-HT2 receptor family that binds the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT).

Function

The 5-HT2 receptors (of which the 5-HT2B receptor is a subtype) mediate many of the central and peripheral physiologic functions of serotonin. Cardiovascular effects include contraction of blood vessels and shape changes in platelets; central nervous system effects include neuronal sensitization to tactile stimuli and mediation of some of the effects of hallucinogenic substituted amphetamines.

The 5-HT2B receptor subtype is involved in:

  • CNS: presynaptic inhibition, behavioural effects[3]
  • Vascular: pulmonary vasoconstriction[4]
  • Cardiac: The 5-HT2B receptor regulates cardiac structure and functions as demonstrated by the abnormal cardiac development observed in 5-HT2B receptor null mice.[5] The 5-HT2B receptor stimulation can also lead to pathological proliferation of cardiac valves fibroblasts,[6] which with chronic overstimulation of 5-HT2B can lead to a severe valvulopathy. Moreover, 5-HT2B receptors were recently shown to be overexpressed in human failing heart and antagonists of 5-HT2B receptors were uncovered to prevent both angiotensin II or beta-adrenergic agonist-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy in mouse.[7][8][9]
  • Serotonin transporter: 5-HT2B receptors regulate serotonin release via the serotonin transporter, and are important both to normal physiological regulation of serotonin levels in blood plasma,[10] and with the abnormal acute serotonin release produced by drugs such as MDMA.[3] Surprisingly however 5-HT2B receptor activation appears to be protective against the development of serotonin syndrome following elevated extracellular serotonin levels,[11] despite its role in modulating serotonin release.

Clinical significance

5-HT2B receptors have also been strongly implicated in drug-induced valvular heart disease.[12][13][14] In this context, it is generally considered to be an antitarget.

The structure of the 5-HT2B receptor was recently solved in complex with the valvulopathogenic drug ergotamine.[15]

Ligands

As of 2009, few highly selective 5-HT2B receptor ligands have been discovered, although numerous potent non-selective compounds are known, particularly agents with concomitant 5-HT2C binding. Research in this area has been limited due to the cardiotoxicity of 5-HT2B agonists, and the lack of clear therapeutic application for 5-HT2B antagonists, but there is still a need for selective ligands for scientific research.[16]

Agonists

Selective
Non-selective

Antagonists

Possible applications

5-HT2B antagonists have previously been proposed as treatment for migraine headaches, and RS-127,445 was trialled in humans up to Phase I for this indication, but development was not continued.[32] More recent research has focused on possible application of 5-HT2B antagonists as treatments for chronic heart disease.[33][34] Research claims serotonin 5-HT2B receptors have effect on liver regeneration.[35]

See also

References

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  19. 19.0 19.1 PDSP Ki database, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. http://pdsp.med.unc.edu/pdsp.php
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Further reading

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External links

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This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.