Achievement (heraldry)
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An achievement, armorial achievement or heraldic achievement (historical: hatchment) in heraldry is a full display of all the heraldic components to which the bearer of a coat of arms is entitled.[2] An achievement comprises not only the armorials themselves displayed on the Escutcheon, the central element, but also the following elements surrounding it:
- Crest placed atop a:
- Torse (or Cap of Maintenance as a special honour)
- Mantling
- Helm of appropriate variety; if holder of higher rank than a baronet, issuing from a:
- Coronet or Crown (not used by baronets), of appropriate variety.
- Supporters (if the bearer is entitled to them, generally in modern usage not baronets), which may stand on a Compartment)
- Motto, if possessed
- Order, if possessed
- Badge, if possessed
Coat of arms
Sometimes the term coat of arms is used to refer to the full achievement, but this usage is wrong in a strict sense of heraldic terminology.[3][4]
Hatchment
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The ancient term used in place of "achievement" was "hatchment", being a corruption (through such historic forms as atcheament, achement, hathement, etc.) of the French achèvement,[5] from the verb achever, a contraction of à chef venir ("to come to a head"), ultimately from Latin ad caput venire, "to come to a head",[6] thus to reach a conclusion, accomplish, achieve. The word "hatchment" in its historical usage is thus identical in meaning and origin to the English heraldic term "achievement". However in recent years the word "hatchment" has come to be used almost exclusively to denote "funerary hatchment", whilst "achievement" is now used in place of "hatchment" in a non-funereal context. An example of the historic use of "hatchment" in a non-funerary context to denote what is now termed "achievement" is in the statute of the Order of the Garter laid down by King Henry VIII (1509-1547) concerning the regulation of Garter stall plates:[7]
"It is agreed that every knyght within the yere of his stallation shall cause to be made a scauchon of his armes and hachementis in a plate of metall suche as shall please him and that it shall be surely sett upon the back of his stall".
References
- ↑ Planche, J.R., Pursuivant of Arms, 1851, p.xx
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- ↑ A.G. Puttock, A Dictionary of Heraldry and Related Subjects, Exeter 1985. Blaketon Hall. ISBN 0 907854 93 1. P. 40
- ↑ Stephen Friar (ed.), A New Dictionary of Heraldry, London 1987. Alphabooks/A&C Black. ISBN 0 906670 44 6. P. 96.
- ↑ Collins Dictionary of the English Language, London, 1986
- ↑ Larousse Dictionnaire de la Langue Francaise, Paris, 1979: "lat. pop. capum, class. caput
- ↑ Round, J. Horace, Family Origins and Other Studies, Page, William, (ed.), London, 1930, pp.174-189, The Garter Plates and Peerage Styles, p.174
External links
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