Timeline of the Ottoman Empire
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
This article provides a timeline of the Ottoman Empire
See also Timeline of the Republic of Turkey, a chronology of the successor state to the Ottoman Empire.
This timeline is incomplete; some important events may be missing. Please help add to it.
Contents
Rise (1299–1452)
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Year | Date | Event |
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1299 | July 27 | The reign of Osman I, founder of the Ottoman Empire, begins. |
1389 | June 15 | Battle of Kosovo. Most of Serbia is conquered. |
1396 | September 25 | Battle of Nicopolis. Bulgaria is conquered. |
Growth (1453–1683)
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Year | Date | Event |
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1453 | May 29 | Mehmed II (the Conqueror) captures Constantinople, The Byzantine emperor Constantine XI dies in the fighting, and the Byzantine Empire of the Romans yields once and for all to the Ottoman Empire. |
1460 | Mehmed II conquers Morea. | |
1461 | Mehmed II conquers Trabzon thus ends Empire of Trebizond. | |
1462 | Mehmed II begins to build his palace, Topkapi Palace (Topkapı Sarayi). | |
1463 | Bosnia is conquered. | |
1473 | Battle of Otlukbeli; Mehmed II defeats Uzun Hasan of Akkoyunlu Turkmens. | |
1475 | Gedik Ahmet Pasha captures Caffa. Crimea becomes vassal of the Ottoman Empire. | |
1478 | Albania is conquered. | |
1480 | Gedik Ahmet Pasha captures Otranto, the southeast corner of Italy as a base for further attacks on Italy (only to evacuate after the death of Mehmet II). | |
1481 | May 3 | Mehmed II dies. Bayezid II ascended to the throne. |
1482 | Herzegovina is conquered. | |
1498 | Montenegro is conquered. |
16th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1514 | Battle of Chaldiran; Selim I defeats Ismail I of Safavid Persia; East Anatolia under Turkish control. | |
1516 | Battle of Marj Dabiq; Selim I defeats Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri of Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt. Syria and Palestine under Ottoman rule. | |
1517 | Battle of Ridaniya; Selim I defeats Tuman bay II of Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt. Egypt under Ottoman rule; Selim I takes the title caliph. | |
1519 | Algeria is conquered. | |
1520 | The reign of Suleiman the Magnificent (Suleiman I) begins. | |
1521 | Sulyman I captures Belgrade. | |
1522 | Sulyman I captures Rhodes. | |
1526 | Battle of Mohács. Suleiman I defeats Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia | |
1529 | Siege of Vienna. | |
1533 | Iraq under Turkish rule. | |
1538 | Sea Batte of Preveza. Turkish navy controls most of Mediterranean Sea. | |
1550 -c.1650s) | Sultanate of Women | |
1551 | Libya is taken over. | |
1541 | Suleiman I captures Budapest (known as Buda), which eventually leads to conquest of most of Hungary. | |
1547 | Most of Hungary under Turkish control. Hungary is divided, by agreement[citation needed] between the Ottoman sultan Suleiman I and Ferdinand I of Austria. | |
1566 | The reign of Suleiman the Magnificent (Suleiman I) ends. | |
1569 | The great fire of Istanbul Burns. | |
1570 | Conquest of Cyprus by Piyale Pasha | |
1574 | Tunisia is conquered. | |
1571 | The Spanish and the Venetians defeat the Turks at the Battle of Lepanto. | |
1578 | Tblisi and most of Georgia conquered. | |
1590 | Treaty of İstanbul between Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia; Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia as well as west Iran under Ottoman rule. |
Stagnation (1683–1827)
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Year | Date | Event |
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1610 | Kuyucu Murat Pasha suppresses Jelali revolts. Turkmens suffer heavily. | |
1612 | Treaty of Nasuh Pasha between Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia. Ottoman Empire gives up some gains of Treaty of Istanbul of 1590. | |
1615 | Treaty of Serav ratifies Treaty of Nasuh Pasha | |
1683 | September 11 | Battle of Vienna. Ottoman defeat. |
1686 | Hungary evacuated. | |
1687 | Mehmed IV dies. | |
1699 | Ottomans cede Hungary to Austria in the Treaty of Karlowitz. |
18th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1718 | Treaty of Passarowitz signed. | |
1718 | Beginning of Tulip era (up to 1730) | |
1729 | First printing press in Turkish by Ibrahim Muteferrika | |
1730 | Revolt of Patrona Halil. End of Tulip era. Ahmet III is dethroned. | |
1739 | Treaty of Belgrade signed. | |
1774 | Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca signed. |
19th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1807 | May | Kabakçı Mustafa rebellion: Reformist sultan Selim III dethroned. |
1808 | July 21 | Alemdar Mustafa Pasha suppresses the rebellion. But Selim III is dead and Mahmut II becomes the new sultan. |
1813 | April 23 | Second Serbian Uprising: The Serbs revolt. |
1821 | Greek War of Independence: The Greek War of Independence begins. | |
1826 | June 15 | Auspicious Incident: centuries old Janissary corps forcibly disbanded after a rebellion against Mahmud II. |
Decline (1828–1908)
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Year | Date | Event |
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1830 | Algeria is conquered by the French. | |
1832 | July 21 | Greek War of Independence: Greek sovereignty is formalized. |
1831–1833 | Egyptian–Ottoman War. | |
1853 | October 4 | Crimean War: The Crimean War with Russia began which, though won with British, French and Sardinian aid, would further demonstrate how backward the Ottoman military had become. |
1860 | October 21 | First newspaper in Turkish published by Agah Efendi.(Tercümen'ı Ahval). |
1862 | February 5 | A united Romanian autonomous state is established. |
1876 | December 23 | Opened the 1876–1877 Constantinople Conference, which ends the Tanzimat reforms after they bankrupt the Empire.[1] |
1877 | April 24 | Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878): Another war with Russia, the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, begins. |
1878 | March 3 | Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878): The Treaty of San Stefano recognizes Romanian and Serbian independence, as well as the establishment of an autonomous Bulgarian principality under nominal Ottoman protection. Austria-Hungary occupies Bosnia by default. |
June 4 | Cyprus is occupied by Britain. | |
1881 | Tunisia becomes a French colony. | |
1882 | Egypt goes under British protection. | |
1885 | September 6 | The province of Eastern Rumelia is transferred to Bulgarian jurisdiction. |
Dissolution (1908–1923)
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20th century
Year | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1908 | July 3 | Second Constitutional Era (Young Turk revolution) |
October 5 | Bulgaria obtains full independence. | |
October 7 | Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia by mere declaration. | |
1912 | The Ottomans are easily defeated by Italy in a short war, with the Italians gaining Libya and ending the 340-year Ottoman presence in North Africa. | |
November 28 | First Balkan War: Albania declares independence | |
1913 | May 17 | First Balkan War: The Ottoman Empire is nearly wiped out from Europe, save for Istanbul and just enough land around to defend it. |
1914 | August 2 | The Empire enters into World War I on the side of the Central Powers. Cyprus is annexed outright by Britain. |
1915 | April 24 | The Ottoman Empire initiates forced deportation of Armenians. |
1915 | April 25 | The Gallipoli Campaign: Britain invades the Dardanelles in Turkey. The expedition ends in Ottoman victory, but pushes the Empire to the brink of collapse. |
1920 | August 10 | Treaty of Sèvres. Rejected by Turkish nationalists and eventually leads to the abolition of the monarchy by the Government of the Grand National Assembly based in Ankara. |
1922 | November 1 | Abolition of the Ottoman dynasty by Republic of Turkey. |
1923 | July 24 | Treaty of Lausanne signed. |
1924 | March 3 | Abolition of the Caliphate by Grand National Assembly of Turkey |
See also
- List of Ottoman sieges and landings
- Timeline of Turks (500-1300)
- Timeline of the Sultanate of Rûm
- List of Ottoman Empire territories
- List of cities conquered by the Ottoman Empire
- Timeline of Ottoman Syria history
Bibliography
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