October 11

October 11 is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 81 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 1138 – A massive earthquake strikes Aleppo, Syria.
• 1142 – A peace treaty between the Jin dynasty and Southern Song dynasty is formally ratified when a Jin envoy visits the Song court during the Jin–Song wars.
• 1531 – Huldrych Zwingli is killed in battle with the Roman Catholic cantons of Switzerland.
• 1582 – Because of the adoption of the Gregorian calendar, this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
• 1614 – Adriaen Block and 12 Amsterdam merchants petition the States General for exclusive trading rights in the New Netherland colony.
• 1634 – The Burchardi flood: "The second Grote Mandrenke" killed around 15,000 men in North Friesland, Denmark and Germany.
• 1649 – Sack of Wexford: After a ten-day siege, English New Model Army troops (under Oliver Cromwell) stormed the town of Wexford, killing over 2,000 Irish Confederate troops and 1,500 civilians.
• 1727 – George II and Caroline of Ansbach are crowned King and Queen of Great Britain.
• 1767 – Surveying for the Mason–Dixon line separating Maryland from Pennsylvania is completed.
• 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Valcour Island: On Lake Champlain a fleet of American boats is defeated by the Royal Navy, but delays the British advance until 1777.
• 1797 – Battle of Camperdown: Naval battle between Royal Navy and Royal Netherlands Navy during the French Revolutionary Wars. The outcome of the battle was a decisive British victory.
• 1809 – Along the Natchez Trace in Tennessee, explorer Meriwether Lewis dies under mysterious circumstances at an inn called Grinder's Stand.
• 1811 – Inventor John Stevens' boat, the Juliana, begins operation as the first steam-powered ferry (service between New York City, New York, and Hoboken, New Jersey).
• 1833 – A big demonstration at the gates of the legislature of Buenos Aires forces the ousting of governor Juan Ramón Balcarce and his replacement with Juan José Viamonte.
• 1852 – The University of Sydney, Australia's oldest university, is inaugurated in Sydney.
• 1862 – American Civil War: In the aftermath of the Battle of Antietam, Confederate General J. E. B. Stuart and his men loot Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, during a raid into the north.
• 1864 – Campina Grande, Brazil, is established as a city.
• 1865 – Paul Bogle led hundreds of black men and women in a march in Jamaica, starting the Morant Bay rebellion.
• 1890 – In Washington, D.C., the Daughters of the American Revolution is founded.
• 1899 – Second Boer War begins: In South Africa, a war between the United Kingdom and the Boers of the Transvaal and Orange Free State erupts.
• 1899 – The Western League is renamed the American League.
• 1906 – San Francisco public school board sparks a diplomatic crisis between the United States and Japan by ordering Japanese students to be taught in racially segregated schools.
• 1910 – Former President Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first U.S. president to fly in an airplane. He flew for four minutes with Arch Hoxsey in a plane built by the Wright brothers at Kinloch Field (Lambert–St. Louis International Airport), St. Louis, Missouri.
• 1912 – First Balkan War: The Greek Army liberates the city of Kozani.
• 1918 – San Fermín earthquake hits western Puerto Rico.
• 1918 – National Independence Day (Poland) after 123 years of occupation (1795-1918)
• 1929 – J. C. Penney opens store #1252 in Milford, Delaware, making it a nationwide company with stores in all 48 U.S. states.
• 1941 – Beginning of the National Liberation War of Macedonia.
• 1942 – World War II: Battle of Cape Esperance: On the northwest coast of Guadalcanal, United States Navy ships intercept and defeat a Japanese fleet on their way to reinforce troops on the island.
• 1944 – Tuvan People's Republic or formerly Tannu Tuva is annexed by the U.S.S.R.
• 1950 – Television: CBS's mechanical color system is the first to be licensed for broadcast by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission.
• 1954 – First Indochina War: The Viet Minh take control of North Vietnam.
• 1957 – Space Race: M.I.T. scientists calculate Sputnik 1's booster rocket's orbit.
• 1958 – Pioneer program: NASA launches the lunar probe Pioneer 1 (the probe falls back to Earth and burns up).
• 1962 – Second Vatican Council: Pope John XXIII convenes the first ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church in 92 years.
• 1968 – Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 7, the first successful manned Apollo mission, with astronauts Wally Schirra, Donn F. Eisele and Walter Cunningham aboard.
• 1972 – A race riot occurs on the United States Navy aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk off the coast of Vietnam during Operation Linebacker.
• 1975 – The NBC sketch comedy/variety show Saturday Night Live debuts with George Carlin as the host and Andy Kaufman, Janis Ian and Billy Preston as guests.
• 1976 – George Washington's appointment, posthumously, to the grade of General of the Armies by congressional joint resolution Public Law 94-479 is approved by President Gerald R. Ford.
• 1982 – The Mary Rose, a Tudor carrack which sank on July 19, 1545, is salvaged from the sea bed of the Solent, off Portsmouth.
• 1984 – Aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger, astronaut Kathryn D. Sullivan becomes the first American woman to perform a space walk.
• 1984 – An Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-154 crashes into maintenance vehicles upon landing in Omsk, Russia, killing 178.
• 1986 – Cold War: U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev meet in Reykjavík, Iceland, in an effort to continue discussions about scaling back their intermediate missile arsenals in Europe.
• 1987 – First public display of AIDS Memorial Quilt on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., during the National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights.
• 1987 – Start of Operation Pawan by Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka that killed thousands of ethnic Tamil civilians and hundreds of Tamil Tigers & Indian Army soldiers.
• 1996 – Pala accident: A wood lorry and school bus collide in Jõgeva county, Estonia, killing eight children.
• 2000 – NASA launches STS-92, the 100th Space Shuttle mission, using Space Shuttle Discovery.
• 2001 – The Polaroid Corporation files for federal bankruptcy protection.
• 2002 – A bomb attack in a shopping mall in Vantaa, Finland kills seven.
• 2013 – A migrant boat sinks in the Channel of Sicily with at least 34 people dead.

Births

• 1616 – Andreas Gryphius, German poet and playwright (d. 1664)
• 1629 – Armand de Bourbon, Prince of Conti (d. 1666)
• 1661 – Melchior de Polignac, French cardinal and poet (d. 1742)
• 1671 – Frederick IV of Denmark (d. 1730)
• 1672 – Pylyp Orlyk, Ukrainian-Romanian diplomat (d. 1742)
• 1675 – Samuel Clarke, English minister and philosopher (d. 1729)
• 1679 – Christian Vater, German organ builder (d. 1756)
• 1738 – Arthur Phillip, English admiral and politician, 1st Governor of New South Wales (d. 1814)
• 1739 – Grigory Potemkin, Russian general and politician (d. 1791)
• 1758 – Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers, German physician and astronomer (d. 1840)
• 1786 – Stevenson Archer, American judge and politician (d. 1848)
• 1788 – Simon Sechter, Austrian organist, composer, and conductor (d. 1867)
• 1803 – Gregor von Helmersen, Estonian-Russian general and geologist (d. 1885)
• 1809 – Orson Squire Fowler, American phrenologist and author (d. 1887)
• 1814 – Jean-Baptiste Lamy, French-American archbishop (d. 1888)
• 1815 – Pierre Napoléon Bonaparte, Italian-French politician (d. 1881)
• 1821 – George Williams, English philanthropist, founded the YMCA (d. 1905)
• 1844 – Henry J. Heinz, American businessman, founded the H. J. Heinz Company (d. 1916)
• 1863 – Louis Cyr, Canadian strongman (d. 1912)
• 1865 – Hans E. Kinck, Norwegian philologist and author (d. 1926)
• 1871 – Johan Oscar Smith, Norwegian evangelist, founded the Brunstad Christian Church (d. 1943)
• 1872 – Emily Davison, English educator and activist (d. 1913)
• 1872 – Harlan F. Stone, American lawyer and jurist, 12th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1946)
• 1876 – Paul Masson, French cyclist (d. 1944)
• 1879 – Ernst Mally, Austrian philosopher and academic (d. 1944)
• 1881 – Hans Kelsen, Czech-American jurist and philosopher (d. 1973)
• 1884 – Friedrich Bergius, German-Argentinian chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1949)
• 1884 – Eleanor Roosevelt, American humanitarian and politician, 39th First Lady of the United States (d. 1962)
• 1884 – Sig Ruman, German-American actor (d. 1967)
• 1885 – François Mauriac, French author, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1970)
• 1890 – A. V. Kulasingham, Sri Lankan journalist, lawyer, and politician (d. 1978)
• 1894 – Julius Kuperjanov, Estonian educator and lieutenant (d. 1919)
• 1895 – Jakov Gotovac, Croatian composer and conductor (d. 1982)
• 1896 – Roman Jakobson, Russian–American linguist and theorist (d. 1982)
• 1897 – Nathan Farragut Twining, American general (d. 1982)
• 1899 – Eddie Dyer, American baseball player and manager (d. 1964)
• 1901 – Masanobu Tsuji, Japanese colonel and politician (d. 1961)
• 1902 – Jayaprakash Narayan, Indian activist and politician (d. 1979)
• 1905 – Fred Trump, American businessman (d. 1999)
• 1910 – Cahit Arf, Turkish mathematician and academic (d. 1997)
• 1911 – Nello Pagani, Italian motorcycle racer and race car driver (d. 2003)
• 1912 – Betty Noyes, American actress and singer (d. 1987)
• 1913 – Joe Simon, American author and illustrator (d. 2011)
• 1913 – Dorothy Woolfolk, American author (d. 2000)
• 1915 – T. Llew Jones, Welsh author and poet (d. 2009)
• 1916 – Nanaji Deshmukh, Indian educator and activist (d. 2010)
• 1918 – Fred Bodsworth, Canadian journalist and author (d. 2012)
• 1918 – Jerome Robbins, American director, producer, and choreographer (d. 1998)
• 1919 – Art Blakey, American drummer and bandleader (d. 1990)
• 1919 – Jean Vander Pyl, American actress (d. 1999)
• 1920 – Édgar Negret, Colombian sculptor (d. 2012)
• 1922 – G. C. Edmondson, American soldier and author (d. 1995)
• 1924 – André Emmerich, German-American art dealer (d. 2007)
• 1924 – Sammy McCrory, Northern Irish footballer (d. 2011)
• 1924 – Mal Whitfield, American runner (d. 2015)
• 1925 – Elmore Leonard, American author and screenwriter (d. 2013)
• 1926 – Joe Ginsberg, American baseball player (d. 2012)
• 1926 – Thích Nhất Hạnh, Vietnamese monk, author, and poet
• 1926 – Earle Hyman, American actor
• 1926 – Neville Wran, Australian lawyer and politician, 35th Premier of New South Wales (d. 2014)
• 1927 – Princess Joséphine Charlotte of Belgium (d. 2005)
• 1927 – Tony Kinsey, English drummer and composer
• 1927 – Jim Prior, Baron Prior, English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
• 1928 – Alfonso de Portago, Spanish race car driver and bobsledder (d. 1957)
• 1928 – Roscoe Robinson, Jr., American general (d. 1993)
• 1928 – Geoffrey Tordoff, Baron Tordoff, English businessman and politician
• 1929 – Curtis Amy, American saxophonist and clarinetist player (d. 2002)
• 1929 – Raymond Moriyama, Canadian architect, designed the Ottawa Civic Centre and Scarborough Civic Centre
• 1929 – Liselotte Pulver, Swiss actress
• 1930 – Michael Edwardes, South African-English businessman
• 1930 – LaVell Edwards, American football player and coach
• 1930 – Sam Johnson, American colonel and politician
• 1930 – K. P. Ummer, Indian actor (d. 2001)
• 1932 – Saul Friedländer, Israeli historian and author
• 1932 – Barry Jones, Australian lawyer and politician
• 1932 – Dottie West, American singer-songwriter and actress (d. 1991)
• 1934 – Peter Hujar, American photographer (d. 1987)
• 1935 – Dan Evins, American businessman, founded Cracker Barrel Old Country Store (d. 2012)
• 1935 – Daniel Quinn, American environmentalist and author
• 1936 – C. Gordon Fullerton, American colonel, engineer, and astronaut (d. 2013)
• 1936 – Billy Higgins, American drummer and educator (d. 2001)
• 1936 – James M. McPherson, American historian and author
• 1936 – Tom Zé, Brazilian singer-songwriter
• 1937 – Bobby Charlton, English footballer and manager
• 1937 – R. H. W. Dillard, American poet, author, and critic
• 1937 – Ron Leibman, American actor and screenwriter
• 1938 – Michael Stear, English air marshal
• 1939 – Maria Bueno, Brazilian tennis player
• 1939 – Austin Currie, Irish lawyer and politician
• 1940 – Pouri Banayi, Iranian actress
• 1941 – Lester Bowie, American trumpet player and composer (Art Ensemble of Chicago) (d. 1999)
• 1942 – Amitabh Bachchan, Indian actor, singer, and producer
• 1942 – Richard Wilson, Baron Wilson of Dinton, Welsh academic and politician
• 1943 – Michael Harloe, English sociologist and academic
• 1943 – John Nettles, English actor
• 1943 – Ilmar Reepalu, Swedish lawyer and politician
• 1943 – Gene Watson, American singer and producer
• 1944 – Cindy Carol, American actress
• 1944 – Mike Fiore, American baseball player
• 1944 – Rodney Marsh, English footballer, manager, and sportscaster
• 1945 – Andrew Logan, English sculptor and painter
• 1946 – Oba Chandler, American murderer (d. 2011)
• 1946 – Elinor Goodman, English journalist
• 1946 – Daryl Hall, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Hall & Oates)
• 1946 – Sawao Kato, Japanese gymnast and educator
• 1946 – Gary Mallaber, American singer-songwriter and drummer (Raven and Steve Miller Band)
• 1947 – Al Atkins, English singer-songwriter (Judas Priest)
• 1947 – Thomas Boswell, American journalist and author
• 1947 – George McCorkle, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Marshall Tucker Band) (d. 2007)
• 1947 – Lucas Papademos, Greek economist and politician, 183rd Prime Minister of Greece
• 1947 – Alan Pascoe, English hurdler
• 1948 – Cecilia, Spanish singer-songwriter (d. 1976)
• 1948 – Lauri Nebel, Estonian magician and actor
• 1948 – David Rendall, English tenor and actor
• 1948 – Peter Turkson, Ghanaian cardinal
• 1949 – Henry Luke Orombi, Ugandan archbishop
• 1950 – Rene Bond, American porn actress (d. 1996)
• 1950 – William R. Forstchen, American historian and author
• 1950 – Amos Gitai, Israeli director, producer, and author
• 1950 – Patty Murray, American educator and politician
• 1950 – Robert Pugh, Welsh actor and screenwriter
• 1951 – Bruce Bartlett, American economist, historian, and author
• 1951 – Jean-Jacques Goldman, French singer-songwriter and guitarist (Taï Phong and Fredericks Goldman Jones)
• 1951 – Shannon Rubicam, American singer-songwriter (Boy Meets Girl)
• 1951 – Charles Shyer, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1952 – Paulette Carlson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Highway 101)
• 1952 – Mark Goodman, American television host and actor
• 1953 – David Morse, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1954 – David Michaels, American epidemiologist and politician
• 1954 – Vojislav Šešelj, Serbian lawyer and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Serbia
• 1954 – Atsuko Takahata, Japanese actress
• 1955 – Norm Nixon, American basketball player and sportscaster
• 1956 – Eduardo Arellano Félix, Mexican drug trafficker
• 1956 – Nicanor Duarte, Paraguayan lawyer and politician, President of Paraguay
• 1956 – Derek Ringer, Scottish race car driver
• 1957 – Paul Bown, English actor
• 1957 – Dawn French, Welsh-English actress and screenwriter
• 1957 – Paul Sereno, American paleontologist and academic
• 1959 – Wayne Gardner, Australian motorcycle racer
• 1959 – Allan Little, Scottish journalist and author
• 1960 – Randy Breuer, American basketball player
• 1960 – Nicola Bryant, English actress
• 1960 – Curt Ford, American baseball player and manager
• 1960 – Gábor Pölöskei, Hungarian footballer and manager
• 1961 – Neil Buchanan, English guitarist and actor (Marseille)
• 1961 – Amr Diab, Egyptian singer-songwriter
• 1961 – Steve Young, American football player and sportscaster
• 1962 – Joan Cusack, American actress
• 1962 – Anne Enright, Irish scholar and author
• 1962 – Richard Paul Evans, American author
• 1962 – Andy McCoy, Finnish-Swedish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Hanoi Rocks, The Suicide Twins, and Shooting Gallery)
• 1963 – Prince Faisal bin Hussein of Jordan
• 1963 – Marcus Graham, Australian actor
• 1963 – Ronny Rosenthal, Israeli-English footballer
• 1963 – Brian Rice, Scottish footballer and manager
• 1964 – Diane Gaidry, American actress and producer
• 1964 – Michael J. Nelson, American actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1965 – Rikishi, American wrestler
• 1965 – Sean Patrick Flanery, American actor and producer
• 1965 – Alexander Hacke, German singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Einstürzende Neubauten)
• 1965 – Orlando Hernández, Cuban baseball player
• 1965 – Volodymyr Horilyi, Ukrainian footballer and coach
• 1965 – Ronit Roy, Indian actor
• 1966 – Luke Perry, American actor and producer
• 1966 – Todd Snider, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1966 – Stephen Williams, Welsh lawyer and politician
• 1967 – Tazz, American wrestler and sportscaster
• 1967 – Tony Chimel, American ring announcer
• 1967 – Artie Lange, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1967 – Daniel Razon, Filipino singer, minister, and radio host
• 1967 – David Starr, American race car driver
• 1968 – Jane Krakowski, American actress and singer
• 1968 – Claude Lapointe, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1968 – Brett Salisbury, American football player and author
• 1969 – Merieme Chadid, Moroccan astronomer and explorers
• 1969 – Prince Constantijn of the Netherlands
• 1969 – Stephen Moyer, English actor, director, and producer
• 1969 – Ty Murray, American bull rider
• 1970 – Chidi Ahanotu, American football player
• 1970 – Vanessa Harding, American wrestler
• 1970 – Andy Marriott, English-Welsh footballer and manager
• 1970 – Shin Tae-yong, South Korean footballer and coach
• 1970 – Constance Zimmer, American actress
• 1971 – Jason Ellis, Australian skateboarder, mixed martial artist, and actor
• 1971 – Petra Haden, American violinist and singer (That Dog, Tito & Tarantula, and The Decemberists)
• 1971 – MC Lyte, American rapper and actress
• 1971 – Oleksandr Pomazun, Ukrainian footballer and manager
• 1972 – Marcus Bai, Papua New Guinean rugby player
• 1972 – Claudia Black, Australian actress
• 1973 – Greg Chalmers, Australian golfer
• 1973 – Mark Chapman, English radio and television host
• 1973 – Takeshi Kaneshiro, Japanese actor and singer
• 1973 – Steven Pressley, Scottish footballer and manager
• 1973 – Mike Smith, American guitarist (Snot and Limp Bizkit)
• 1973 – Niki Xanthou, Greek long jumper
• 1973 – Dmitri Young, American baseball player and radio host
• 1974 – Jason Arnott, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1974 – Rachel Barton Pine, American violinist and educator (Earthen Grave)
• 1974 – Terje Håkonsen, Norwegian snowboarder
• 1974 – Kane Kosugi, American-Japanese martial artist and actor
• 1974 – Fumika Suzuki, Japanese voice actress and model
• 1974 – Jamie Thomas, American skateboarder and businessman, founded Zero Skateboards and Fallen Footwear
• 1975 – Orlando Maturana, Colombian footballer
• 1976 – Dominic Aitchison, Scottish bass player and songwriter (Mogwai and Crippled Black Phoenix)
• 1976 – Emily Deschanel, American actress and producer
• 1976 – Gökhan Özoğuz, Turkish singer and guitarist (Athena)
• 1977 – Matt Bomer, American actor and producer
• 1977 – Shūhei Izumi, Japanese actor
• 1977 – Jérémie Janot, French footballer and manager
• 1977 – Desmond Mason, American basketball player and sportscaster
• 1977 – Napoleon, American rapper (Outlawz)
• 1977 – Ty Wigginton, American baseball player
• 1978 – Kali, Angolan footballer
• 1978 – Carl Bussey, American soccer player
• 1978 – Trevor Donovan, American model and actor
• 1978 – Takuya Kawaguchi, Japanese footballer
• 1979 – Jamar Beasley, American football player
• 1979 – Bae Doona, South Korean model, actress, and photographer
• 1979 – Andy Douglas, American wrestler
• 1979 – Gabe Saporta, Uruguayan-American singer-songwriter and producer (Cobra Starship, Midtown, and Humble Beginnings)
• 1979 – Reiko Takagaki, Japanese model and actress
• 1979 – Kim Yong-dae, South Korean footballer
• 1980 – Matthew Felker, American model and actor
• 1980 – Motohiro Hata, Japanese singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1980 – Nyron Nosworthy, English footballer
• 1980 – Juan José Ribera, Chilean footballer
• 1980 – Tomokazu Sugita, Japanese voice actor
• 1981 – Beau Brady, Australian actor
• 1982 – Liz Cantor, Australian surfer and journalist
• 1982 – Cameron Knowles, New Zealand footballer
• 1982 – Jeff Larish, American baseball player
• 1982 – Terrell Suggs, American football player
• 1982 – Kristy Wu, American actress
• 1983 – Sharena, Indonesian model and actress
• 1983 – Bradley James, English actor
• 1983 – Ruslan Ponomariov, Ukrainian chess player
• 1983 – William Sledd, American video blogger
• 1984 – Sergio Hellings, Dutch footballer
• 1984 – Martha MacIsaac, Canadian-American actress, producer, and screenwriter
• 1985 – Yang Cheng, Chinese footballer
• 1985 – Álvaro Fernández, Uruguayan footballer
• 1985 – Aya Kiguchi, Japanese model and singer
• 1985 – Sam Robertson, Scottish model and actor
• 1985 – Michelle Trachtenberg, American actress
• 1987 – Tony Beltran, American soccer player
• 1987 – Mike Conley, Jr., American basketball player
• 1987 – Nathan Coulter-Nile, Australian cricketer
• 1987 – Jason Francisco, Filipino actor
• 1988 – Omar Gonzalez, American soccer player
• 1988 – Rika Izumi, Japanese model, actress, and singer
• 1989 – Henry Lau, Canadian-Chinese singer-songwriter (Super Junior-M)
• 1989 – Michelle Wie, American golfer
• 1991 – Patrick Leyland, American baseball player
• 1991 – Toby Fox, American video game designer (Undertale)
• 1993 – Josip Čalušić, Croatian footballer
• 1993 – Sean Murray, Irish footballer
• 1994 – Clésio Baúque, Mozambican footballer

Deaths

• 1188 – Robert I, Count of Dreux (b. 1123)
• 1303 – Pope Boniface VIII (b. 1235)
• 1347 – Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1282)
• 1531 – Huldrych Zwingli, Swiss pastor and theologian (b. 1484)
• 1572 – Sulaiman Khan Karrani, Indian sultan (b. 1566)
• 1579 – Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, Ottoman politician, 43rd Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1506)
• 1705 – Guillaume Amontons, French physicist and instrument maker (b. 1663)
• 1708 – Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus, German mathematician, physicist, physician, and philosopher (b. 1651)
• 1721 – Edward Colston, English merchant and politician (b. 1636)
• 1725 – Hans Herr, Swiss-American bishop (b. 1639)
• 1779 – Casimir Pulaski, Polish-American general (b. 1745)
• 1809 – Meriwether Lewis, American captain, explorer, and politician, 2nd Governor of Louisiana Territory (b. 1774)
• 1821 – John Ross Key, American lieutenant, lawyer, and judge (b. 1754)
• 1852 – Gotthold Eisenstein, German mathematician and academic (b. 1823)
• 1889 – James Prescott Joule, English physicist and brewer (b. 1818)
• 1896 – Edward Benson, English archbishop (b. 1829)
• 1896 – Anton Bruckner, Austrian organist, composer, and educator (b. 1824)
• 1897 – Léon Boëllmann, French organist and composer (b. 1862)
• 1908 – Rita Cetina Gutiérrez, Mexican poet, educator, and activist (b. 1846)
• 1932 – William Alden Smith, American lawyer and politician (b. 1859)
• 1935 – Steele Rudd, Australian author (b. 1868)
• 1940 – Lluís Companys, Spanish lawyer and politician, 123rd President of Catalonia (b. 1882)
• 1940 – Vito Volterra, Italian mathematician and physicist (b. 1860)
• 1941 – Heinrich Gutkin, Estonian businessman and politician (b. 1879)
• 1941 – Mihkel Pung, Estonian politician, 11th Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1876)
• 1958 – Maurice de Vlaminck, French painter (b. 1876)
• 1961 – Lucy Tayiah Eads, American tribal chief (b. 1888)
• 1961 – Chico Marx, American actor and singer (b. 1887)
• 1963 – Jean Cocteau, French author, poet, and playwright (b. 1889)
• 1965 – Dorothea Lange, American photographer and journalist (b. 1895)
• 1965 – Walther Stampfli, Swiss lawyer and politician, 50th President of the Swiss Confederation (b. 1884)
• 1968 – Selim Sarper, Turkish educator and politician, 13th Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1899)
• 1971 – Tamanoumi Masahiro, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 51st Yokozuna (b. 1944)
• 1971 – Chesty Puller, American general (b. 1898)
• 1976 – Alfredo Bracchi, Italian author, screenwriter, and songwriter (b. 1897)
• 1977 – MacKinlay Kantor, American journalist, author, and screenwriter (b. 1904)
• 1983 – R. Fraser Armstrong, Canadian administrator and engineer (b. 1889)
• 1984 – Benno Schotz, Scottish sculptor and engineer (b. 1891)
• 1986 – Norm Cash, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1934)
• 1988 – Bonita Granville, American actress, singer, and producer (b. 1923)
• 1989 – M. King Hubbert, American geologist and academic (b. 1904)
• 1991 – Steven "Jesse" Bernstein, American poet and author (b. 1950)
• 1991 – Redd Foxx, American actor and singer (b. 1922)
• 1993 – Jess Thomas, American tenor and actor (b. 1927)
• 1996 – Lars Ahlfors, Finnish-American mathematician and academic (b. 1907)
• 1996 – Eleanor Cameron, Canadian-American author and critic (b. 1912)
• 1996 – Joe Morris, English-Canadian lieutenant and union leader (b. 1913)
• 1996 – Renato Russo, Brazilian singer-songwriter and guitarist (Legião Urbana) (b. 1960)
• 1998 – Richard Denning, American actor (b. 1914)
• 1999 – Leo Lionni, Dutch-American author and illustrator (b. 1910)
• 2000 – Luc-Marie Bayle, French historian, photographer, and painter (b. 1914)
• 2000 – Donald Dewar, Scottish lawyer and politician, 1st First Minister of Scotland (b. 1937)
• 2001 – Beni Montresor, Italian director, set designer, and illustrator (b. 1926)
• 2002 – Dina Pathak, Indian actress and director (b. 1922)
• 2004 – Keith Miller, Australian cricketer and pilot (b. 1919)
• 2005 – Shan-ul-Haq Haqqee, Pakistani-Canadian linguist, journalist, and poet (b. 1917)
• 2005 – Attilâ İlhan, Turkish poet, author, and journalist (b. 1925)
• 2005 – Edward Szczepanik, Polish economist and politician, Prime Minister of Poland (b. 1915)
• 2006 – Cory Lidle, American baseball player (b. 1972)
• 2007 – Sri Chinmoy, Indian-American spiritual leader and poet (b. 1931)
• 2007 – David Lee "Tex" Hill, South Korean-American general and pilot (b. 1915)
• 2007 – Werner von Trapp, Austrian-American singer (b. 1915)
• 2008 – Jörg Haider, Austrian lawyer and politician, Governor of Carinthia (b. 1950)
• 2008 – Ernst-Paul Hasselbach, Surinamese-Dutch television host and producer (b. 1966)
• 2008 – Neal Hefti, American trumpet player and composer (b. 1922)
• 2009 – Angelo DiGeorge, American physician and endocrinologist (b. 1922)
• 2009 – Veronika Neugebauer, German actress (b. 1968)
• 2009 – Halit Refiğ, Turkish director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1934)
• 2012 – Frank Alamo, French singer (b. 1941)
• 2012 – Beano Cook, American sportscaster and historian (b. 1931)
• 2012 – Helmut Haller, German footballer and coach (b. 1939)
• 2012 – Edward Kossoy, Polish lawyer, publicist, and activist (b. 1913)
• 2012 – Édgar Negret, Colombian sculptor (b. 1920)
• 2012 – Champ Summers, American baseball player and coach (b. 1946)
• 2013 – María de Villota, Spanish race car driver (b. 1980)
• 2013 – Wadih El Safi, Lebanese singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1921)
• 2013 – Johnny Kovatch, American football player and coach (b. 1912)
• 2013 – Erich Priebke, German captain (b. 1913)
• 2013 – Terry Rhoads, American actor (b. 1951)
• 2013 – William H. Sullivan, American diplomat, United States Ambassador to the Philippines (b. 1922)
• 2014 – Jazil, American race horse (b. 2003)
• 2014 – Anita Cerquetti, Italian soprano (b. 1931)
• 2014 – Tanhum Cohen-Mintz, Latvian-Israeli basketball player (b. 1939)
• 2014 – Carmelo Simeone, Argentinian footballer (b. 1933)
• 2014 – Bob Such, Australian educator and politician (b. 1944)
• 2015 – Dean Chance, American baseball player and manager (b. 1941)
• 2015 – Jack Drake, American lawyer and politician (b. 1934)
• 2015 – Smokin' Joe Kubek, American guitarist and songwriter (b. 1956)
• 2015 – John Murphy, Australian drummer (The Associates and Dumb and the Ugly) (b. 1959)
• 2015 – Dominga Velasco, Mexican-American super-centenarian (b. 1901)

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast days:
  • Alexander Sauli
  • Andronicus, Probus, and Tarachus (Roman Catholic Church)
  • Æthelburh of Barking
  • Cainnech of Aghaboe
  • Gummarus
  • James the Deacon (Church of England, Roman Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church)
  • Lommán of Trim
  • Nectarius of Constantinople
  • Philip the Evangelist
  • Pope John XXIII (Roman Catholic Church)
  • October 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• General Pulaski Memorial Day (United States)
• International Day of the Girl Child (International)
• National Coming Out Day (multinational, including United Kingdom, Switzerland, and United States among others)
• Old Michaelmas Day (Celtic)
• Revolution Day (Republic of Macedonia)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada